tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-22586605779303824782024-03-15T18:12:51.634-07:00Alzheimer’s disease: Causes, Symptoms, TreatmentMichael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comBlogger235125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-77067073569547261192024-02-29T23:37:00.000-08:002024-02-29T23:37:21.898-08:00Nymbl Training - Training for Better Balance<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Fall prevention is key to protecting the health, safety,
and life longevity of your loved one, especially if they are living with
Alzheimer’s or any other form of dementia. Nymbl offers balance training tools,
fall risk assessments, digital balance screenings, and other resources to
improve balance, prevent falls, and improve independence. A short initial
assessment helps customize plans with exercises and activities tailored to the
user’s needs and abilities. Nymbl also offers fun brain games to help sharpen
cognitive function and keep users mentally engaged — both important aspects
minimizing confusion and preventing wandering that can lead to falls. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC_FgbECLz_nQVNvJmdpHnJNTnZHgsdhNVUp_ONpPoUXUuMgp9qEEN_vfzIhfNG0NaKNluajazRgcLZVskkMKLUoWxT0XkoVsaTFMkebdJnTQjv7jVk0BLyPjoIvr2QNn2vMFOoQD5m_cHkgADMznk1ekfhMy9Hiplyby-Vat69pk7cfIC13QCkOp-4g/s556/Screenshot%202024-02-29%20233458.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="298" data-original-width="556" height="215" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhC_FgbECLz_nQVNvJmdpHnJNTnZHgsdhNVUp_ONpPoUXUuMgp9qEEN_vfzIhfNG0NaKNluajazRgcLZVskkMKLUoWxT0XkoVsaTFMkebdJnTQjv7jVk0BLyPjoIvr2QNn2vMFOoQD5m_cHkgADMznk1ekfhMy9Hiplyby-Vat69pk7cfIC13QCkOp-4g/w400-h215/Screenshot%202024-02-29%20233458.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /> <p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Nymbl was developed based on 35 years of clinical
research and is only offered through health insurance providers. Ask your loved
one’s provider or fill out an interest form on the Nymbl website to check your
eligibility. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The Nymble Training app is available as a free download
on iOS and Android.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Contact your insurance provider to see if Nymbl balance
training is available in your health plan at no cost to you! Additionally, all
Greater Denver Area, Colorado residents (ages 60+) and New Zealand residents
(ages 50+) are eligible.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Google Play Store Link: <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.b4g.nymbl&hl=en_US&gl=US">https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.b4g.nymbl&hl=en_US&gl=US</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Apple Link: <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><a href="https://apps.apple.com/us/app/nymbl-training/id1155575069">https://apps.apple.com/us/app/nymbl-training/id1155575069</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-51371726252209301652024-01-29T18:34:00.000-08:002024-01-29T18:34:29.816-08:00PBA Treatment Reverses Alzheimer’s Disease Signs<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">A “chaperone” molecule that slows the formation of
certain proteins reversed disease signs, including memory impairment, in a
mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease, according to a study from researchers at
the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcqqMmBR1pRdMx9dhIAfXYi5yXSkmCbwg5RBlMuFvtrgqQOIj4_W6VVuEl5-UKjxtlJ13npNmwNEmaK9PvuP1C_KsO0OYBVT4XqEfEwnc1pfSd_E4J8qlCuhwFhOC5QMk9VSQq-taNjsl_Ff7bEe_n_-TCl5CZj5cmYiP3llWYkdTHpgp9n51MhWuBfg/s1000/Alzheimers.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="658" data-original-width="1000" height="264" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcqqMmBR1pRdMx9dhIAfXYi5yXSkmCbwg5RBlMuFvtrgqQOIj4_W6VVuEl5-UKjxtlJ13npNmwNEmaK9PvuP1C_KsO0OYBVT4XqEfEwnc1pfSd_E4J8qlCuhwFhOC5QMk9VSQq-taNjsl_Ff7bEe_n_-TCl5CZj5cmYiP3llWYkdTHpgp9n51MhWuBfg/w400-h264/Alzheimers.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">In the study, published in Aging Biology, researchers
examined the effects of a compound called 4-phenylbutyrate (PBA), a fatty-acid
molecule known to work as a “chemical chaperone” that inhibits protein
accumulation. In mice that model Alzheimer’s disease, injections of PBA helped
to restore signs of normal proteostasis (the protein regulation process) in the
animals’ brains while also dramatically improving their performance on a
standard memory test, even when administered late in the disease course.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">“By generally improving neuronal and cellular health, we
can mitigate or delay disease progression,” said study senior author Nirinjini
Naidoo, PhD, a research associate professor of Sleep Medicine. “In addition,
reducing proteotoxicity—irreparable damage to the cell that is caused by an accumulation
of impaired and misfolded proteins—can help improve some previously-lost brain
functions.”<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Previously, researchers found that PBA treatment improved
sleep quality and cognitive test performance—and helped normalize
proteostasis—in mice that model ordinary human brain aging. For the new study,
they investigated PBA’s effects in mice that model Alzheimer’s disease. These
mice, known as APPNL-G-F mice, accumulate abnormal protein aggregates in their
brains, lose many of the synapses that connect their brain cells, and develop
severe memory impairment—much like people with Alzheimer’s.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">First, the team showed that these mice do indeed have
signs of dysfunctional proteostasis mechanisms—including a chronically
activated process called the unfolded protein response—and relatively low
levels of a natural aggregate-preventing “chaperone” protein called binding
immunoglobulin protein (BiP) or Hspa5.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Next, graduate student Jennifer Hafycz treated the mice,
starting early in life, with PBA, finding that the treatment helped restore
signs of normal proteostasis in key memory-related brain regions in the mice.
The treatment also restored the mice’s ability—which was otherwise abolished—to
discriminate between moved and unmoved objects on a standard memory test called
the Spatial Object Recognition test.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The team discovered that they could achieve similar
effects, including the reversal of memory deficits, even when they treated the
mice starting in middle age.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Both early-life and middle-age treatment showed signs of
inhibiting the process that forms the most prominent protein aggregates in
Alzheimer’s, known as amyloid beta plaques. For the later treatment, not only
the underlying process but also the amyloid plaque numbers themselves were
reduced.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">As a potential Alzheimer’s treatment, PBA has the
advantage that it can cross easily from the bloodstream into the brain and is
already approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treating an unrelated
metabolic disorder.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">While more research is needed, particularly in human
trials, this represents a significant step forward in the search for effective
treatments for this challenging disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Sources and Additional Information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-releases/2023/december/new-treatment-reverses-alzheimers-disease-signs-improves-memory-function">https://www.pennmedicine.org/news/news-releases/2023/december/new-treatment-reverses-alzheimers-disease-signs-improves-memory-function</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.insideprecisionmedicine.com/topics/translational-research/protein-chaperone-molecule-reverses-alzheimers-disease-symptoms-in-mouse-model/">https://www.insideprecisionmedicine.com/topics/translational-research/protein-chaperone-molecule-reverses-alzheimers-disease-symptoms-in-mouse-model/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://knowridge.com/2023/12/new-hope-in-alzheimers-treatment/">https://knowridge.com/2023/12/new-hope-in-alzheimers-treatment/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-67135472999564430482023-10-21T10:57:00.006-07:002023-10-21T10:57:44.259-07:00Limbic-predominant Dementia (LATE-NC)<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (or
LATE-NC) is the most recently identified form of dementia, noted for its close
similarity to Alzheimer’s. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Overview<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">According to a study published in Brain, a Journal of
Neurology, on April 30, 2019, researchers have<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">linked a protein called TDP-43 to a newly identified form
of dementia: Limbic-predominant age-related<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE-NC).<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6w_7woOIbdpatVBc-OSTnS3Lw8BGkXpmxzv0cGQV4X39rQvbjl0kBOiJHsXaF2Uha8LzYJomG_pN18QS6eqXadLbG_YiP5vLokI74L754FG5kPhHvghrYQgpddfYtNReqYVWDHTMaImB80VhlYBuRnFhm5fkWdKb9oGGvTNc268SV2GICATHqmO2a8w/s1000/alz12763-fig-0003-m.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="702" data-original-width="1000" height="281" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6w_7woOIbdpatVBc-OSTnS3Lw8BGkXpmxzv0cGQV4X39rQvbjl0kBOiJHsXaF2Uha8LzYJomG_pN18QS6eqXadLbG_YiP5vLokI74L754FG5kPhHvghrYQgpddfYtNReqYVWDHTMaImB80VhlYBuRnFhm5fkWdKb9oGGvTNc268SV2GICATHqmO2a8w/w400-h281/alz12763-fig-0003-m.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Risks Factors<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">LATE usually affects older individuals, particularly
those over age 80. Although advancing age is a risk factor for LATE,
dementia is not part of the typical aging process.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Genetics can also increase a person's risk of
developing LATE. At least five genes are associated with the risk
of LATE. These same genes may also increase the likelihood of other forms
of dementia.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Symptoms<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">When TDP-43 accumulates in an area located in the
mid-brain known as the limbic system, it affects learning, memory and emotion,
resembling symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, the most common form of dementia.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">This suggests that people may exhibit symptoms mirroring
those of Alzheimer’s but it may not involve the same changes to the brain
caused by the disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">People with LATE have problems with memory but
often have a slower rate of clinical change than people with Alzheimer's
disease. They may notice that over time it's more difficult to remember facts,
conversations and events. People with LATE may repeat themselves
often, be forgetful and have trouble finding the right words during
conversations. They may also have difficulty understanding words.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Individuals with LATE may:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Wander or get lost<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Make poor decisions<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Misplace things<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Have trouble driving<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Have difficulty keeping up with personal hygiene<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Eventually, someone with LATE has trouble with
daily living activities such as dressing, cooking or paying bills. The mental
decline in LATE is slower than in other forms of dementia. This
causes a slow, rather than a rapid, worsening of symptoms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Diagnosis<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Currently, LATE-NC is not diagnosable with standard
tests. Because people are typically diagnosed with<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">certain types of dementia based on the symptoms they
experience, LATE-NC will not be easily<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">distinguished from Alzheimer’s due to overlapping
symptoms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">LATE usually affects older individuals, particularly
those over age 80. Although advancing age is a risk factor for LATE,
dementia is not part of the typical aging process.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Genetics can also increase a person's risk of
developing LATE. At least five genes are associated with the risk
of LATE. These same genes may also increase the likelihood of other forms
of dementia.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Currently, LATE can only be definitively
diagnosed after death through an autopsy. But for people with symptoms, a
diagnosis of LATE can be suggested through:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Clinical history<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->MRI or fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron
emission tomography (PET) findings<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Ruling out other causes<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Your health care provider may look for changes in the
brain that can be caused by LATE. These can include signs of brain
shrinkage (atrophy) and thinning of the parts of the brain responsible for
memory formation. These changes can be seen on MRI examination and on
autopsies. Thinning seems to be a stronger indicator of how severe the disease
is compared with atrophy.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">A buildup of the protein transactive response DNA-binding
protein 43(TDP-43) may be another sign of LATE. This naturally occurring
protein helps with nerve development. This buildup of TDP-43 is
usually found in the part of the brain that supports memory, emotion, behavior
and mood (limbic system). Right now, there isn't a simple test to see whether a
person has an excessive amount of TDP-43. This would be discovered only
with an autopsy.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Another sign that could suggest a diagnosis
of LATE is hardening and thickening of the walls of the arteries
(arteriolosclerosis), which is common in people with LATE.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">If your health care provider suspects you might
have LATE, they may suggest a mental status examination to find out how
severe the cognitive impairment is.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Researchers are working to find a simpler way to
diagnose LATE, and other forms of dementia, to quickly identify these
diseases. Researchers are working to develop a simple blood screening test for
dementia, including LATE, but that is still being studied.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Treatment<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">As LATE-NC was only just recently discovered, there is no
available treatment at this time.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">To help improve overall health and manage the symptoms of
dementia, the World Health Organization (WHO) has made recommendations that
include:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Increasing physical activity<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Maintaining a healthy diet<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Decreasing alcoholic intake<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Avoiding smoking<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Treating chronic conditions such as
hypertension, high cholesterol, depression, obesity and diabetes<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Sources and additional information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://alzheimer.ca/en/about-dementia/other-types-dementia/late-nc">https://alzheimer.ca/en/about-dementia/other-types-dementia/late-nc</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://academic.oup.com/brain/article/142/6/1503/5481202">https://academic.oup.com/brain/article/142/6/1503/5481202</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/late/art-20534312">https://www.mayoclinic.org/late/art-20534312</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-70338209430281947072023-10-02T21:42:00.000-07:002023-10-02T21:42:08.462-07:00History of Prosecution due to Dementia and other Mental Illnesses <p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">The history of prosecuting individuals with dementia and
other mental illnesses is complex and has evolved over time. The treatment of
individuals with mental illnesses in legal contexts has seen significant
changes, reflecting shifts in societal attitudes, medical understanding, and
legal frameworks. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Ancient and Medieval Time<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">In ancient civilizations, such as Mesopotamia and Greece,
there was limited understanding of mental illnesses. Individuals with severe
mental disorders were often viewed as possessed by evil spirits or as outcasts.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Punitive measures, including imprisonment, torture, or
exorcisms, were common for those deemed to be "mad" or
"insane."<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Middle Ages<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">In the Middle Ages, mental illnesses such as depression
or dementia were frequently regarded as a kind of punishment necessarily
imposed by God for sins committed. As the reason for dementia was not
elucidated rationally in this period, it was considered that abnormal
activities and mental symptoms generated in the dementia patients were due to
demon-possession, and thus naturally subject to hatred. Patients with dementia
were representative victims of a witch hunt that was widespread over the 14th
to 15th centuries.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0FV4sJIn8hyphenhyphenIeSm6iOHoewa2hFNTuauha6jmk2_Awhn7Co50p-8FtxeerelFr48FmCw-YlcYRq3faKU50iiQMbdMonwlXhhI4e-Nv-OJKhJEviz_jpmT9Uih8Lo9sDCvhSv40pq1KlEMw2mwSi4N_3Xx8QYP2_N2AGFRysrNqnvmAlUn9S-3DyFwV5g/s700/salem-700x350.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="350" data-original-width="700" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj0FV4sJIn8hyphenhyphenIeSm6iOHoewa2hFNTuauha6jmk2_Awhn7Co50p-8FtxeerelFr48FmCw-YlcYRq3faKU50iiQMbdMonwlXhhI4e-Nv-OJKhJEviz_jpmT9Uih8Lo9sDCvhSv40pq1KlEMw2mwSi4N_3Xx8QYP2_N2AGFRysrNqnvmAlUn9S-3DyFwV5g/w400-h200/salem-700x350.jpeg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">In 1486, Malleus Maleficarum (Hammer of the Witches) was
published by Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger who were priests of the
Dominican order in the Roman Catholic Church. This book contained the criteria
to identify witches, instructions and methods for trial and execution of a
sentence, as a textbook of a witch hunt approved by Pope Innocent VIII. It was
revised dozens of times and spread throughout the world in various languages.
Hundreds of thousands have been burned dreadfully at the stake since the book
was published.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">People designated as witches according to the criteria
defined in the ‘Hammer of the Witches’, were mainly mental patients, and most
of them were women with symptoms such as paranoia, mania, schizophrenia,
epilepsy and senile dementia. For no other reason than their mental
instability, they became victims of a witch hunt and a great number of people
across Europe were burned to ashes on the rack.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNB1brU04mI8Ej33qmKaIaxncozVggu2weP95n0sqSOzVORytIC25y2pQA1ZY9Q8Ira7gmbeX5kmoUryTcXL_WZw5wI53LpCeKF_zeccE1dUyHwBYJ7Jgpp6FSNjjREp_OT0OgeO-8aH5Uf5krNs9u4mdo1EFgYEKZPd4hXmKZmbOuU6mQWctSWcSimQ/s1647/s3-L0070000_L0070583-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1354" data-original-width="1647" height="329" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNB1brU04mI8Ej33qmKaIaxncozVggu2weP95n0sqSOzVORytIC25y2pQA1ZY9Q8Ira7gmbeX5kmoUryTcXL_WZw5wI53LpCeKF_zeccE1dUyHwBYJ7Jgpp6FSNjjREp_OT0OgeO-8aH5Uf5krNs9u4mdo1EFgYEKZPd4hXmKZmbOuU6mQWctSWcSimQ/w400-h329/s3-L0070000_L0070583-1.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Renaissance and Enlightenment<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">During the Renaissance and Enlightenment periods, there
was a gradual shift in thinking about mental illness. It began to be seen as a
medical condition rather than solely a moral failing. Asylums were established
in Europe and North America to provide care and treatment for individuals with
mental disorders. However, conditions in these institutions were often
deplorable, and human rights abuses were widespread.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>19th Century to Recent<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The 19th century witnessed the emergence of more humane
approaches to the treatment of mental illness. Advocates like Dorothea Dix in
the United States pushed for better conditions in mental asylums and increased
access to treatment. Legal frameworks for handling individuals with mental
illnesses began to take shape, with a focus on involuntary commitment to mental
institutions for treatment.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The 20th century brought further advancements in
understanding mental illnesses through scientific research and the development
of psychotropic medications. Legal standards for determining the competency of
individuals with mental illnesses in criminal cases evolved. The insanity
defense became established in many legal systems, allowing for a plea of not
guilty by reason of insanity.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">In the latter half of the 20th century and into the 21st
century, there has been a growing recognition of the rights of individuals with
mental illnesses in legal proceedings. Legal standards for determining
competency to stand trial and the use of the insanity defense vary from
jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but many legal systems have incorporated
principles of fairness and mental health treatment.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">However, you may be surprised to learn that the maltreatment
of dementia patients (witch hunt) is still prevalent in some parts of the
world. In Ghana, Africa in November 2010, an old woman aged 72 years with
dementia such as amnesia was burned at the stake for being a so called ‘witch’.
In accordance with the survey conducted in this country in 2012, most people
still associate the dementia symptom with witchcraft. Such an incident resulted
from error or absence of understanding of dementia.<o:p></o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-48757108475906001302023-09-01T21:46:00.003-07:002023-09-01T21:46:13.561-07:00Ancient History of Dementia Research<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Etymology of Dementia<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The word "dementia" has its origins in Latin
and can be traced back to ancient Roman medical texts. Perhaps the earliest
record of a dementia syndrome originated in ancient Egypt in about 3,000 BC,
when Prince Ptah-Hotep mentioned senile deterioration, which for the time was a
consequential natural landmark in the process of human aging. But the world
dementia appeared first in the record of mankind in around 600 A.D. Saint
Isidore (560–636 A.D.), the archbishop of Seville, used the term ‘dementia’ for
the first time in his book, ‘Etymologies’. The term "dementia" is
derived from the Latin words "de" and "mentia."<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>"De"</b>:
In Latin, "de" is a prefix that is often used to indicate a negative
or reversal of a condition. In this context, it suggests a loss or deprivation
of something.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>"Mentia"</b>:
"Mentia" is derived from the Latin word "mens," which means
"mind" or "intellect." Therefore, "mentia"
implies a condition related to the mind or intellect.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">When combined, "dementia" essentially means a
state of mind characterized by a loss or deprivation of mental abilities or
intellect. It was originally used in Latin to describe a condition in which a
person's cognitive and intellectual faculties were impaired or diminished.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The term "dementia" has been used for centuries
to describe a range of cognitive disorders and conditions involving memory
loss, confusion, and impaired thinking. It continues to be a fundamental
concept in the field of neurology and psychiatry, where it is used to classify
and diagnose various disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, vascular
dementia, and other forms of cognitive impairment.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Ancient History of Dementia<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Dementia has occurred in human history long before it was
named. In about 3000 B.C., the ancient Egyptians were already aware that memory
declines as people age. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Pythagoras (570–495 B.C.), a doctor and mathematician in
Greece, classified a lifetime of human into six stages; infancy (age 0–6),
adolescence (age 7–21), adulthood (age 22–49), middle age (age 50–62),
senescence (age 63–79), and old age (age 80 or older). Of these stages,
senescence and old age were regarded as a declining phase of mind and body, and
some people who survive to this time, were expected to degenerate in mind to a
level of suckling baby and finally become stupid. Hippocrates (460–370 B.C.), a
doctor in Greece, believed that brain injury results in cognitive disorder, and
Plato (428–347 B.C.), a philosopher in Greece, mentioned that the principal
cause of dementia is old age itself because the mental performance is destined
to inevitably degrade. The Greek physician Hippocrates (circa 460-370 BCE)
mentioned cognitive decline in older individuals, referring to it as
"senile debility." The ancient Greeks recognized that aging could
bring cognitive and physical changes. On the contrary, Marcus Tullius Cicero
(106–43 B.C.), a philosopher, politician and jurist in Rome, pointed out that
ageing does not always cause the decline of mental performance, except in
people with weak will. In brief, he indicated that dementia is not an
inevitable consequence of ageing. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Around the 2nd century A.D., Aretheus, a doctor in
Turkey, described dementia by grouping it respectively into delirium, a
reversible acute disorder of cognitive function and dementia, an irreversible
chronic disorder.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"> in the 2<sup>nd</sup> century, Galenus wrote
about cognitive decline in old age and also expanded on the humours theory. At
the time, they believed dementia was a result of someone taking too much black
bile.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">A Roman philosopher and statesman, Cicero encouraged
people to fight senility by engaging with intellectual activity. This is still
encouraged to date.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Celsus, a Roman encyclopedist, was the first person to
make the correlation between ageing symptoms and dementia. He used the term
‘dementatus’ to describe the condition showing symptoms of dementia. The term
is derived from the Latin word ‘demens,’ meaning ‘out of your mind’ or ‘mad.’<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxBb-AUP0YdRmrxo4XpVwToMrl6fG2EfnFUMF_oetWyEmNN-vL8siKvKzZfbW8qBUh3o_QXCDWLhWDpGOJsbgRwVNkERQng4sErAbQeLVUQhwIzkIeUwXbWEvP82XqieMnuDd-jYVlG969O0qKnTaPu1l0vk98rbxfzl53j_zhXtVROSYSG95p388EbQ/s2048/ancient-greeksjpg-8c5510a590e31860.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1375" data-original-width="2048" height="269" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxBb-AUP0YdRmrxo4XpVwToMrl6fG2EfnFUMF_oetWyEmNN-vL8siKvKzZfbW8qBUh3o_QXCDWLhWDpGOJsbgRwVNkERQng4sErAbQeLVUQhwIzkIeUwXbWEvP82XqieMnuDd-jYVlG969O0qKnTaPu1l0vk98rbxfzl53j_zhXtVROSYSG95p388EbQ/w400-h269/ancient-greeksjpg-8c5510a590e31860.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Treatment<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">In the ancient world, the understanding of dementia and
its treatment was quite limited compared to modern medicine. Dementia-like
symptoms were often attributed to supernatural or mystical causes, and
treatment approaches were often based on superstition, religious beliefs, or
unscientific practices. Here are some historical methods and beliefs regarding
the treatment of dementia-like conditions in the ancient world:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Magical
and Mystical Beliefs:</b> Many ancient cultures believed that dementia-like
symptoms were caused by curses, evil spirits, or supernatural forces.
Consequently, treatment often involved rituals, exorcisms, or magical
incantations to ward off malevolent influences.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Herbal
Remedies:</b> Some ancient civilizations, such as the Greeks and Egyptians, had
knowledge of herbal medicine. Certain plants and herbs were believed to have
medicinal properties and were used to treat various ailments, including
cognitive difficulties. However, the effectiveness of these remedies in
treating dementia-like conditions was limited.<span style="color: #374151; font-family: "Segoe UI",sans-serif; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"> </span>Here are a few examples of herbs and substances that
were historically used in ancient cultures:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Ginkgo Biloba:</b> Ginkgo biloba is one of
the oldest tree species on Earth, and its leaves have been used in traditional
Chinese medicine for centuries. Some ancient Chinese texts mention ginkgo as a
remedy for memory-related issues and cognitive problems. In modern times,
ginkgo extract is still sometimes considered for its potential cognitive
benefits, although scientific evidence is mixed.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Gotu Kola (Centella asiatica):</b> Gotu kola
is an herb traditionally used in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine. It
has been suggested to have cognitive-enhancing properties. In Ayurveda, it is
sometimes referred to as a "brain tonic."<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Bacopa Monnieri:</b> Bacopa monnieri, also
known as Brahmi in Ayurvedic medicine, has a long history of use for memory
enhancement and cognitive support in India. It's often included in Ayurvedic
formulations aimed at improving mental clarity and cognitive function.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Turmeric (Curcuma longa):</b> Turmeric is a
spice used in traditional Indian cuisine and Ayurvedic medicine. It contains
curcumin, a compound that has been studied for its potential neuroprotective
properties and anti-inflammatory effects. While not a direct treatment for
dementia, turmeric has been researched for its potential role in brain health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Ginseng:</b> Ginseng is an herb used in
traditional Chinese medicine and other traditional systems. It has been
suggested to have adaptogenic properties that may support overall well-being,
including cognitive function.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Sage (Salvia officinalis):</b> Sage has a
history of use in traditional European herbal medicine for cognitive
enhancement and memory support. Some ancient texts mention its potential
benefits for mental clarity.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis):</b>
Rosemary has been used in traditional herbal medicine for its potential
cognitive-enhancing properties. In some cultures, it was believed to improve
memory and concentration.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Bathing
and Hydrotherapy:</b> Water was sometimes used as a therapeutic intervention.
Ancient Roman and Greek bathhouses were considered places of healing, and
individuals with cognitive impairments might be immersed in water in the hope
of improving their mental state.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Dietary
Changes:</b> Dietary modifications were sometimes recommended. Certain foods
were believed to have medicinal properties, and it was thought that adjusting
one's diet could improve mental health. However, these dietary changes were
often based on cultural or anecdotal beliefs rather than scientific evidence.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Physical
Restraints:</b> In some cases, individuals with dementia or severe mental
illness were physically restrained or confined to prevent them from harming
themselves or others. These practices were often inhumane and lacked a
scientific understanding of mental health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Religious
and Spiritual Practices:</b> In societies with strong religious beliefs,
prayer, meditation, and participation in religious rituals were common
approaches to addressing cognitive and behavioral issues. Individuals and their
families might seek divine intervention to alleviate symptoms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Home
Care and Family Support:</b> In many ancient cultures, individuals with
cognitive impairments were cared for within the family. Families often took on
the responsibility of looking after affected members, providing emotional
support, and attempting various home remedies.<o:p></o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-75635486511212163222023-08-28T23:57:00.002-07:002023-08-28T23:57:19.305-07:00Modern History of Alzheimer’s Research<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">The history of Alzheimer's research spans over a century,
characterized by significant milestones in understanding the disease's causes,
symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. Here's an overview of key events in
Alzheimer's research history:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Early
20th Century: Discovery of Alzheimer's Disease</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In 1906, German psychiatrist and neurologist
Alois Alzheimer identified a new neurological disorder in a patient named
Auguste Deter. He presented his findings at a medical conference, describing
the patient's symptoms of memory loss, language problems, and unusual behavior.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Alzheimer examined Deter's brain after her death
and observed abnormal clumps and tangles of protein in her brain tissue, which
are now recognized as hallmarks of the disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Scientists recognize Dr. Alzheimer not only for
his groundbreaking characterization of a major disease but also as a role
model. He set a new standard for understanding neurodegenerative disorders by
establishing a close clinical relationship with his patients and using new
scientific tools to determine how symptoms related to physical brain changes.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In 1910, Emil Kraepelin, a German psychiatrist
who worked with Dr. Alzheimer, first names "Alzheimer's Disease" in
the eighth edition of his book Psychiatrie.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In 1931, Germans Max Knoll and Ernst Ruska
co-invent the electron microscope, which can magnify up to 1 million times. It
is not until after WWII that the electron microscope becomes common in major
research settings, enabling scientists to study brain cells in more detail.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgagzgF5SPNzg2yk_APAq1OaQ-J7-Gp4wmHVxILM1bomSIDnRz-VWXaTKvq-GU3zwv_X0sA1y9GTRMug5MfEQicRFU_jp3wZcFYnLHxHqBD6Q_bJ9hCT-l9cwDLdQMUlw9YsUzPTlh73_MoIOmErOYDG1CLDJN5WZJdPRX053bH0rN86cRNHZprLdM30g/s1024/slide2-l.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="768" data-original-width="1024" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgagzgF5SPNzg2yk_APAq1OaQ-J7-Gp4wmHVxILM1bomSIDnRz-VWXaTKvq-GU3zwv_X0sA1y9GTRMug5MfEQicRFU_jp3wZcFYnLHxHqBD6Q_bJ9hCT-l9cwDLdQMUlw9YsUzPTlh73_MoIOmErOYDG1CLDJN5WZJdPRX053bH0rN86cRNHZprLdM30g/w400-h300/slide2-l.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>1960s
- 1970s: Identification of Beta-Amyloid and Tau</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In the 1960s and 1970s, researchers discovered
that the plaques found in Alzheimer's brains are primarily composed of
beta-amyloid protein aggregates, while neurofibrillary tangles are made up of
tau protein.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The "amyloid hypothesis" gained
traction, suggesting that the accumulation of beta-amyloid is a key factor in
the development of Alzheimer's.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In 1976, Neurologist Robert Katzman identifies
Alzheimer's disease as the most common cause of dementia and a major public
health challenge in his editorial published in Archives of Neurology.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>1980s
- 1990s: Genetic Insights</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The discovery of genetic mutations linked to
early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease in the 1980s and 1990s provided
critical insights into the disease's genetic basis.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In 1984, Researchers George Glenner and Cai'ne
Wong report identification of "a novel cerebrovascular amyloid
protein," known as beta-amyloid — the chief component of Alzheimer's brain
plaques and a prime suspect in triggering nerve cell damage.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In 1986, Researchers discover that tau protein
is a key component of tangles — the second pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's
disease and another prime suspect in nerve cell degeneration.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In 1987, researchers identify the first gene
associated with rare, inherited forms of Alzheimer's disease. This gene on
chromosome 21 codes amyloid precursor protein (APP), the parent molecule from
which beta-amyloid is formed. Chromosome 21 is also the chromosome of which
those with Down syndrome have three copies rather than two. Many individuals
with Down syndrome develop Alzheimer's disease, often as young as their 30s and
40s.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In 1993, researchers identify APOE-e4, a form of
the apolipoprotein-E (APOE) gene on chromosome 19, as the first gene that
raises risk for Alzheimer's but does not determine that a person who has it
will develop the disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>2000s:
Advances in Imaging and Biomarkers</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The development of brain imaging techniques,
such as positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI), allowed researchers to visualize amyloid plaques and other brain changes
associated with Alzheimer's in living individuals.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Researchers also worked on identifying
biomarkers (biological indicators) that could help with early diagnosis and
tracking disease progression.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>2010s:
Increasing Focus on Early Detection and Treatment</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Research increasingly emphasized the importance
of early detection and intervention to potentially slow or prevent the
progression of Alzheimer's.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In 2010, The Alzheimer's Association and its
partners in the Coalition Against Major Diseases (CAMD) released a first-of-its
kind database of 4,000 patients who participated in 11 pharmaceutical
industry-sponsored clinical trials of Alzheimer's treatments. The combined
data, accessible to any qualified researcher, will offer unprecedented power to
understand the course of Alzheimer's.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->New drug candidates aimed at targeting
beta-amyloid and tau were developed, though clinical trials often faced
challenges and mixed results.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Recent
Advances and Challenges: Current State of Research (Up to September 2021)</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->By 2021, the field had seen both successes and
setbacks in clinical trials for Alzheimer's drugs. Some promising treatments
were being explored, including those targeting beta-amyloid and tau, as well as
anti-inflammatory and other approaches.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Advances in understanding the complex interplay
of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors were providing a more
comprehensive picture of the disease's development.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Sources and Additional Information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research_progress/milestones">https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/research_progress/milestones</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.brightfocus.org/alzheimers/article/history-alzheimers-disease">https://www.brightfocus.org/alzheimers/article/history-alzheimers-disease</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://canohealth.com/news/blog/history-of-alzheimers-disease/">https://canohealth.com/news/blog/history-of-alzheimers-disease/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-15534491837187849952023-08-16T21:28:00.003-07:002023-08-16T21:28:46.962-07:00Alzheimer’s: Balsons' Real Love Story…<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal"><b>TRUTH: Alzheimer's is more than memory loss.<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Julia Balson, a slight, red-haired woman with a big smile,
English accent and twinkling eyes, now knows that Alzheimer's disease affects
47 million people worldwide, a growing percentage of which are younger than the
age of 65 . She knows this ugly statistic because her beloved husband, Mike was
diagnosed at age 58. "But isn't Alzheimer's an "older person's"
disease," I ask her? I know this is what a lot of people think, so I put
the question out there. She sighs heavily and tries to steady her vital, yet sad
voice, "Unfortunately not," she finally says.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2jgH6McYOMbdlStzum4jw5WTEY5wYyu6cNKM0LzzjUFps-PDDydDZQFy6ega1oFQHAhi7BfeCtl6c2yJC2XB7l2UIoT9V59tUn8X8C1eGaYJnIApr-qDiYoi2QxAP2nwcEzorW-OcwgxCYr15kdwsuS3U4H5sbvdqOeI9mtoueHIqi72O4gzc8tLiGw/s300/ALZ-Blog-2016-Jan-ARealLoveStory.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="187" data-original-width="300" height="249" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2jgH6McYOMbdlStzum4jw5WTEY5wYyu6cNKM0LzzjUFps-PDDydDZQFy6ega1oFQHAhi7BfeCtl6c2yJC2XB7l2UIoT9V59tUn8X8C1eGaYJnIApr-qDiYoi2QxAP2nwcEzorW-OcwgxCYr15kdwsuS3U4H5sbvdqOeI9mtoueHIqi72O4gzc8tLiGw/w400-h249/ALZ-Blog-2016-Jan-ARealLoveStory.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<p class="MsoNormal">Mike and Julia Balson, along with thousands of others living
with younger-onset Alzheimer's disease need the world to know that while theirs
is a true and lasting love story, the reality of Alzheimer's isn't what's
depicted in <i>The Notebook</i>. This disease doesn't just affect
"old people" or the ability to remember at the end of one's life.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Married for more than 47 years, the Balsons are world
travelers who have adapted to many global cultures during their life together.
Like many couples, they've had children, challenges, joys and regrets. But one
thing they never planned for, or ever thought about, was the possibility of
Alzheimer's wreaking havoc on their family.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Mike was a strong, elite athlete who played professional
soccer on the international circuit for more than a decade. He played on big
teams in the U.K. and, at one point in his playing career, moved his family to
South Africa to join a professional team there. The family had to eventually
leave due to the overwhelming violence from the Apartheid riots in the area.
So, Mike and Julia, no strangers to adversity, felt they could take on any
problem that came their way. When Mike started showing signs of mental
"fogginess," they both dismissed it (or denied it, as Julia tells me
later) until the symptoms became so apparent one day when Mike filed his
paycheck in one of Julia's cookbooks.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Despite such a difficult diagnosis, they both maintain sunny
dispositions and a strong desire to help others in similar situations. I
recently had the privilege of speaking with Julia and Mike about their journey
with Mike's diagnosis. Both of them were quick to offer advice about love,
acceptance and living with Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Tell me a little bit about being married for 47 years.
How has your partnership helped you face such a devastating
disease? Julia: </b>Big factors for us are hard work, accepting the
ups and downs, our faith in God, and our hope for advances in research. I think
it's also important to love and respect each other and try to ignore each
other's faults. No one is perfect! We look for ways to serve each other, and
put each other's needs above our own. We definitely try to encourage each
other; and we make it a point to laugh a lot. Now we hold the motto that unless
a situation is life and death at the moment, we don't worry about it. <b>Mike: </b>Never
give up; it's so easy to give up when you're faced with this kind of situation
but you just can't.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Julia, when did you first realize there was something
"off" with Mike? How did you respond to this?</b> <b>Julia: </b>Two
things stand out. I found a paycheck in a cookbook. This was odd because Mike
had always been so on-top of everything. Also, his driving abilities seemed to
be declining. Honestly, I panicked at first and then I was definitely in
denial. We ended up getting help through the Alzheimer's Association much later
on; looking back, we should've reached out earlier, but I was scared and felt
helpless and isolated.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Mike, what about you? When did you first start noticing
things? What did you notice? Mike: </b>Things just weren't right, but
I couldn't figure out exactly what wasn't right. And, I don't think I could
accept it. I kept asking for directions to go to work), and it once took 20
minutes to do a bank deposit which was unusual because I always had a keen
mind.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>What did you do when you noticed these behaviors? Can you
take us through the time you began to notice problems, through getting the
diagnosis?</b> <b>Julia:</b> We didn't do anything at first. Eventually,
we realized we needed to get help because Mike was struggling with day-to-day
tasks. Initially, Mike was diagnosed with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).
We later got the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>What has been the biggest change to your relationship
since the diagnosis? What do you find to be the biggest issues you have to
tackle on a daily basis? Julia: </b>I'd say our biggest change has
been the role reversal, because I now have to take care of everything that Mike
used to do, like all the driving, the financing and household stuff. I also
have to help Mike choose clothes (he would sometimes dress awkwardly with
clothes in the wrong order, or not seasonally appropriate), make sure he takes
his medications properly and make sure he is bathing correctly. I know it
upsets Mike that he isn't able to take care of me like he used to, but I am a
pretty strong person and can take care of myself, so I don't mind that as much. <b>Mike:</b> The
lack of driving ability is upsetting and it's a struggle to remember day-to-day
details. It is also upsetting that I can't take care of Julia like I used to. I
have a problem remembering to eat – Julia will leave food prepared for me and
I'll forget about it completely. Also, I'm trying to work on interacting with
others.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>What helpful adjustments have you made that you can share
with other couples living with Alzheimer's? Julia: </b>A key thing
for us is to write everything down – appointments, instructions, reminders,
etc. Writing everything down really helps Mike remember to do things. When I
was in denial, I didn't write everything down and that would get frustrating
for both of us. Now we keep a calendar on hand with everything written down. I
also joined an Alzheimer's Association support group; I've found that spending
time with others on the same journey is a great comfort. I take Mike to the
Memories in the Making art classes; it's something he'd never done before but
really now enjoys. Another big thing was to accept the changes, to recognize
that there is life after the diagnosis even though it's never going to be the
same as it was.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Working with the Alzheimer's Association, what do you
regard to be the most beneficial support services they provide? What would you
suggest to a couple who is just receiving a diagnosis?</b> <b>Mike: </b>Their
monthly couples support group has been our biggest lifeline. When all this
started, Julia was constantly stressed and ill from trying to handle everything
on her own. <b>Julia: </b>There is a church service the first
Wednesday of every month that has been very important and beneficial for us. To
anyone who is just receiving a diagnosis – don't panic. There are so many
resources offered by the Alzheimer's Association. They can get help by joining
a support group; the staff are kind and wonderful, and no one should go through
it alone. Also, remember that there is life after an Alzheimer's diagnosis –
it's different, but there is life.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>If you could tell people one thing about life after
diagnosis, what would it be?</b> <b>Julia: </b>You should appreciate
every day that you have together as a blessing from God and take life one day
at a time. No matter how much you love each other – or the person you are
caring for – you still get frustrated sometimes. Take time to sit and say
"let's regroup" when you are frustrated or upset with each
other. <b>Mike: </b>I would say to remember that caregivers must take
time for themselves because life as a caregiver can get challenging and
overwhelming.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The Balsons hope that sharing their story will encourage
others who may be dealing with similar struggles and fears. Though Alzheimer's
is more than just losing memories, Mike and Julia will be the first to remind
you that it doesn't have to mean losing love.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Author: Abby Nehring<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Source: <a href="https://www.alz.org/blog/alz/june_2016/alzheimer_s_a_real_love_story%E2%80%A6">https://www.alz.org/blog/alz/june_2016/alzheimer_s_a_real_love_story%E2%80%A6</a><o:p></o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-65099506252843296962023-07-30T21:44:00.000-07:002023-07-30T21:44:00.914-07:00Beach Therapy for Alzheimer’s Patients<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Nature can have numerous positive effects on individuals
with Alzheimer's disease. Whether it's spending time in a park, garden, forest,
or any natural setting, exposure to nature can offer therapeutic benefits and
enhance the overall well-being of those with Alzheimer's. But people, living at
or near the large water sources, like ocean, sea, or a lake, have an extra
benefits, as the patients may enjoy the so-called beach therapy.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQW5w2Fthc1Ql8sMWLQKBjjhHfvnX019jgiqchKj4Cbhnx2sdYda90dCkARQqwr7xQ2BcCg8HTSCHe3kq8saqeclN5xh0iGhfdBRY3TlXWmb1uaSiNJKkLNq65kp5v70TnNDhqcN9WtsUDoOmJhKhV6M7GSp2Od0-Ms-pejI-ap8cw_yqLsVcbUTK8SQ/s1000/HS3K2ZZm3wVe5KIje8HP.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="418" data-original-width="1000" height="168" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQW5w2Fthc1Ql8sMWLQKBjjhHfvnX019jgiqchKj4Cbhnx2sdYda90dCkARQqwr7xQ2BcCg8HTSCHe3kq8saqeclN5xh0iGhfdBRY3TlXWmb1uaSiNJKkLNq65kp5v70TnNDhqcN9WtsUDoOmJhKhV6M7GSp2Od0-Ms-pejI-ap8cw_yqLsVcbUTK8SQ/w400-h168/HS3K2ZZm3wVe5KIje8HP.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Beach therapy, also known as beach-based or coastal
therapy, can offer several benefits for individuals with Alzheimer's disease.
The calming and sensory-rich environment of the beach can have positive effects
on their overall well-being and may help improve cognitive and emotional
aspects. Here are some ways in which beach therapy can be beneficial:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Sensory
Stimulation</b>: The beach provides a wide range of sensory experiences,
including the sound of waves crashing, the feel of sand beneath the feet, the
smell of saltwater, and the sight of the vast ocean. These sensory stimulations
can be soothing and enjoyable, promoting relaxation and reducing anxiety.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Nature's
Therapeutic Effects</b>: Spending time in nature has been linked to reduced
stress and improved mood. The beach, with its natural beauty and serenity, can
help individuals with Alzheimer's feel more at ease and content.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Physical
Activity</b>: Walking on the sandy shore and wading in the water can encourage
gentle physical activity, which is beneficial for overall health and mobility.
Engaging in light exercise can also promote better sleep patterns.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Social
Engagement</b>: Beach outings can be a great opportunity for social interaction
with family, friends, or support groups. Social engagement is essential for
mental stimulation and emotional well-being.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Mindfulness
and Relaxation</b>: The tranquil environment of the beach can encourage
mindfulness and relaxation, allowing individuals with Alzheimer's to be in the
present moment and reducing agitation or restlessness.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Promoting
Memories and Conversations</b>: Visiting the beach may evoke positive memories
and spark conversations among family members, friends, or caregivers, fostering
connections and emotional bonds.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Caregiver
Respite</b>: Beach therapy not only benefits individuals with Alzheimer's but
also offers respite for caregivers. The peaceful setting can provide a break
from the challenges of caregiving and reduce caregiver stress.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b>Stimulating
Cognitive Function</b>: Observing the changing tides, wildlife, and natural
surroundings can provide cognitive stimulation and sensory engagement,
potentially supporting cognitive function.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">When planning a beach outing for someone with
Alzheimer's, it's essential to consider their specific needs and preferences.
Here are some tips to ensure a safe and enjoyable experience:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Choose a beach with accessible facilities, such
as restrooms and shaded areas.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Bring along necessary supplies like water,
snacks, sunscreen, hats, and beach towels.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Avoid peak hours when the beach might be crowded
and overwhelming.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Engage in activities that the individual enjoys,
such as building sandcastles or collecting seashells.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Monitor the person's comfort and ensure they
stay hydrated and protected from excessive sun exposure.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">As with any activity, beach therapy should be discussed
with healthcare professionals and caregivers to ensure it is suitable and safe
for the individual with Alzheimer's.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-75931887249102739662023-07-25T19:31:00.004-07:002023-07-25T19:31:27.278-07:00One day at a time: Kamaria’s Story<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Kamaria was 28 years old when her mother, Mary, was
diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer's disease. It had only been five years
since Kamaria had lost her father to a brain tumor and stopped being his
primary caretaker. It had only been five years since Kamaria had lost her
father to a brain tumor and stopped being his primary caretaker. One night,
during the journey to diagnosis, Kamaria went out with a friend and broke down
crying at the unfairness of it all. But those were the only tears she allowed
herself.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>"After I had my feelings about it, it was trying
to figure out, how do I move forward?"<o:p></o:p></i></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2xo6xcEYxMct-uuvklwMFUodX9qZP_ZF_mS5hh-qzTHZxQ2UtART6Wb0Qu9N0V9llfSTH-WdyESDbhGWoq0HaOKt-_7VwmHRZb2NAiSxbyzQpsXNCZNwFC-NdaQG3pgXoMLtDsPRe3-bijQjvUWqW5XBwuePbARG41hvIj9DWnSDkLm9OVq40vbAlpg/s2048/header-stories-kamaria.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="902" data-original-width="2048" height="176" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2xo6xcEYxMct-uuvklwMFUodX9qZP_ZF_mS5hh-qzTHZxQ2UtART6Wb0Qu9N0V9llfSTH-WdyESDbhGWoq0HaOKt-_7VwmHRZb2NAiSxbyzQpsXNCZNwFC-NdaQG3pgXoMLtDsPRe3-bijQjvUWqW5XBwuePbARG41hvIj9DWnSDkLm9OVq40vbAlpg/w400-h176/header-stories-kamaria.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><i><br /></i><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">As an only child who lived with her mom growing up,
Kamaria had always been independent. Having learned from her experience with
her father, she went into business mode.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">"I tend to be somebody who focuses on what needs to
be done and deal with the emotional part later," she says. And with an
Alzheimer's diagnosis, there is much to navigate and figure out.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The first sign that something wasn't right with Mary
was her rapid weight loss—she lost almost 150 pounds without appearing to try.
Then Kamaria and others in her close-knit extended family began noticing small
personality changes, such as forgetfulness and irritability. But it was a visit
from Kamaria's grandmother that spurred her to act.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">When her father's mother flew up from Florida, she,
Kamaria, and Mary spent the day together. They had lunch at Kamaria's husband's
restaurant and visited her father's grave. But when Kamaria mentioned it to
Mary a few weeks later, she knew nothing about it and was angry that Kamaria
even brought it up. That's when Kamaria realized there was a problem. She
quickly started making doctor's appointments.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxNBw4mPv0wSlHgnj2I7HkAKfwbN7I87W8TN-ClggVT9uRegjRtF9PkrrzvgEwPuy8iTyIEQ7lcl6GdIfC0uI9vySrLGAKGQRoU-UuChkdjguYQ1WxW-VYNiTkRpdu2YlpLEoQbYdVcb3Zcmat9s_eWMdxKxPZhNAA7WsJ2m_d8iVFFZXl6suLCT1BSA/s1280/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="721" data-original-width="1280" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjxNBw4mPv0wSlHgnj2I7HkAKfwbN7I87W8TN-ClggVT9uRegjRtF9PkrrzvgEwPuy8iTyIEQ7lcl6GdIfC0uI9vySrLGAKGQRoU-UuChkdjguYQ1WxW-VYNiTkRpdu2YlpLEoQbYdVcb3Zcmat9s_eWMdxKxPZhNAA7WsJ2m_d8iVFFZXl6suLCT1BSA/w400-h225/cq5dam.web.1280.1280.jpeg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><i><o:p> </o:p>Kamaria</i></div><p></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Since Kamaria comes from a tight-knit extended family,
the two-year process of getting a diagnosis was a family affair. Kamaria's
cousins live upstairs from Mary and make up part of their core support network.
The cousins and Mary's sister attended several of the doctor's appointments, or
Kamaria would fill them in on what happened.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">First, they saw a gastroenterologist because of the
weight loss. Then a therapist. Then a neurologist recommended by a friend. The
neurologist diagnosed Mary with a seizure disorder based on an MRI—but that
didn't add up for Kamaria. During the process, she connected with the
Alzheimer's Association and began increasingly to suspect her mother had
Alzheimer's. The Alzheimer’s Association recommended another neurologist, for a
second opinion, who confirmed Kamaria's suspicions. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">"The weight loss was simply due to the fact that she
forgot to eat," says Kamaria.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhICYoNRBqK3LgkpslNjZtfOYnhwFV6-89KqN4oHfbTOOZd-YnRncBZRKLe9sLcYXCjtL9p2-cXU0oXgjMXJ7xFaFgOYJNp0JUrAkhEfx_Zt0wkKzRc-DVGvf3MMN5HEMGBWX-hVOkZEGxWW5Nr3szAeryyP0CvHbC1MMrU4NU_kH3gMhOyxAiH6d7DIA/s1280/cq5dam.web.1280.1280%20(2).jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="721" data-original-width="1280" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhICYoNRBqK3LgkpslNjZtfOYnhwFV6-89KqN4oHfbTOOZd-YnRncBZRKLe9sLcYXCjtL9p2-cXU0oXgjMXJ7xFaFgOYJNp0JUrAkhEfx_Zt0wkKzRc-DVGvf3MMN5HEMGBWX-hVOkZEGxWW5Nr3szAeryyP0CvHbC1MMrU4NU_kH3gMhOyxAiH6d7DIA/w400-h225/cq5dam.web.1280.1280%20(2).jpeg" width="400" /></a></div><p></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p><div style="text-align: center;"><i>Mary - Diagnosed with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease at the age of 57</i></div><o:p></o:p><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Receiving Mary's diagnosis of early-onset Alzheimer's,
after two years of searching for answers, was a relief. "I felt like it's
what she had, but I needed a doctor to tell me that. It's hard to move forward
with a plan if you don't have the actual diagnosis. I had already grieved the
loss of our relationship so I was ready to receive a diagnosis and start
developing a plan forward."<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Kamaria also tried attending support groups recommended
by the Alzheimer's Association, but she had trouble relating to the others in
the group. The first group she tried included other young people caring for
young parents with Alzheimer's.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">"It was great for a while, but I felt like I was the
only person of color in every single one that I went to," Kamaria says.
"They were able to afford either a care facility or something like that,
or their parents were more progressed than mine was, and they were able to
afford help." The meetings were also far from her house on a weeknight at
7:30pm, so it wasn't convenient to attend. While she continued to attend
various advocacy events, Kamaria never found a group or individuals she could
relate to.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">"So many people are there because they care for
their spouses living with Alzheimer's," she recalls. "But I'm in a
different situation. I felt like I didn't have anything in common with anybody
at those events." So her primary support network was her extended family.
Even then, however, most of their support is in the form of taking Mary to
doctor's appointments or taking her to church and other social outings. "I
felt isolated emotionally, but supported logistically, if that makes
sense," she says.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Another challenge was getting her mother accepted into an
adult daycare program, which was a long, complicated, confusing process that
took nearly a year to complete. "Once she actually got into the center, it
was a lifesaver because she had somewhere to go and had an established
routine," Kamaria says. The program also provides support with Mary's
doctor's appointments and medications while also giving her opportunities to
socialize. Unfortunately, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Mary is no longer able
to attend the day program, but she still receives significant support with her
doctor's appointments and medications, while they also check in with her on a
regular basis. For Kamaria and Mary, this is still a tremendous help.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Now, Kamaria focuses on the logistics, along with help
from her cousins. Alzheimer's, after all, is a disease that goes beyond the
individual, with the diagnosis affecting their whole family.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">"It wasn't this absolute, complete role reversal as
it was with my father," Kamaria says, but "I definitely feel like
more of a parent now." Mary appears healthy and can bathe and feed
herself, for now, but Kamaria misses the mom she had, a parent she could talk
to about work, relationships and other aspects of her life.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Her mother, meanwhile, has just gone with the flow. She
knows her diagnosis, but Kamaria isn't sure how well she understands it.
Kamaria's goal for managing her mother's care is doing whatever works best for
both of them: "What allows me to live a life and what allows her to live a
life."<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">That means taking things one day at a time.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">"If something else comes up that changes the current
situation, then we'll deal with that as it comes," she says. "But I
think right now we're in a good spot that works for both her and me."<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Kamaria knows things will change as the disease
progresses, and she hopes her mom knows, even on the most challenging days,
that Kamaria's decisions about her care come from the heart.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">"If I could have my old mom back, I would tell her
that I'm trying," Kamaria says. "I might not express it in the best
way but know that everything I do is because I love you and I want to take care
of you. Just know that as we go on this journey together."<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"> <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>In May 2022, Mary passed away in her sleep. Kamaria
will continue to share her story as a caregiver and advocate for health equity
in Alzheimer’s Disease.</i><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Source: <a href="https://www.biogen.com/stories/kamaria-story.html">https://www.biogen.com/stories/kamaria-story.html</a><o:p></o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-29003911251681198952023-07-18T22:51:00.004-07:002023-07-18T22:51:35.300-07:00MindMate - Need Help with Alzheimer's?<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>What is MindMate?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">MindMate is a Desktop application designed to support and
improve cognitive function and mental well-being, particularly for older
adults. It offers a range of brain-training games, puzzles, and exercises that
stimulate memory, attention, problem-solving skills, and overall cognitive
abilities.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The app was initially developed to cater to individuals
with dementia or Alzheimer's disease, as it aims to slow down cognitive decline
and maintain mental sharpness. It provides a variety of interactive activities
and challenges designed to engage users and promote brain health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">While MindMate was primarily created for individuals with
dementia, it can be beneficial for anyone interested in enhancing their
cognitive skills and overall mental well-being. It provides a convenient and
engaging way to exercise the mind and maintain cognitive health.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjz6fsyJp5sI-E58D_hbh4ZDJZ2jKbP3TMRlCDUmVSVl_jU6i9xBSalr5PXKrPvPPH68T8mao9dX_HvmUyVejNI6quogD7yWbamxZwjgzC4Z0ArOS2A2B_xI2a70vOUfyilc8uc4nRrXCeg2OEQYvKLA_qWwRG4xUBZxli30NviRcrKjLQXMuTBGNoqg/s820/MindMate2.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="312" data-original-width="820" height="153" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgjz6fsyJp5sI-E58D_hbh4ZDJZ2jKbP3TMRlCDUmVSVl_jU6i9xBSalr5PXKrPvPPH68T8mao9dX_HvmUyVejNI6quogD7yWbamxZwjgzC4Z0ArOS2A2B_xI2a70vOUfyilc8uc4nRrXCeg2OEQYvKLA_qWwRG4xUBZxli30NviRcrKjLQXMuTBGNoqg/w400-h153/MindMate2.png" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>MIndMate Features<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">MindMate offers a variety of features aimed at improving
cognitive function and mental well-being. Here are some key features of the
MindMate app:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Memory
Games: The app provides a range of interactive memory games that challenge and
stimulate the user's memory abilities. These games may include matching pairs,
recalling sequences, and identifying patterns.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cognitive
Exercises: MindMate offers personalized cognitive exercises that target
specific areas of cognitive function, such as attention, problem-solving,
language skills, and logical reasoning. These exercises are designed to improve
cognitive abilities and mental agility.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Brain
Teasers: The app includes a collection of brain teasers and puzzles to
challenge the user's thinking, problem-solving, and creativity. These
activities can be entertaining and engaging while stimulating different aspects
of cognitive function.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Reminders
and Alerts: MindMate allows users to set reminders and receive alerts for
medication schedules, appointments, and other important events. This feature
helps individuals stay organized and manage their daily routines effectively.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Progress
Tracking: The app provides tools for tracking cognitive performance and
monitoring progress over time. Users can view their improvement in various
cognitive areas, set goals, and track their achievements.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Educational
Content: MindMate offers educational content related to brain health, dementia
prevention, mental well-being, and healthy lifestyle choices. Users can access
articles, tips, and resources to enhance their knowledge and understanding of
cognitive health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Personalization:
The app tailors its content and activities based on the user's preferences and
cognitive abilities. It adapts to individual needs, providing a personalized
experience and ensuring that the activities are appropriately challenging.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->User-Friendly
Interface: MindMate is designed to be user-friendly and accessible to
individuals of different age groups and cognitive abilities. The interface is
intuitive, making it easy to navigate and engage with the app's features.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>MindMate Limitations<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Effectiveness
for Severe Cognitive Decline: While MindMate can be beneficial for maintaining
and improving cognitive function, its effectiveness may vary for individuals
with severe cognitive decline or advanced stages of dementia. The app may be
more suitable for early to moderate stages of cognitive impairment.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Limitations
of Mobile App: Being a mobile app, MindMate's features and activities are
limited to the capabilities of a smartphone or tablet. Some individuals may
prefer or require more hands-on or in-person cognitive interventions.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->User
Engagement: The effectiveness of MindMate relies on consistent user engagement
and participation. Some individuals may find it challenging to stay motivated
or may not engage with the app regularly, which can limit its potential
benefits.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Generalization
of Skills: While MindMate can improve specific cognitive skills through
targeted exercises, the transfer and generalization of those skills to
real-life situations may vary. It's important to supplement the app's
activities with other cognitive and functional interventions.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cost:
MindMate may require a subscription or have in-app purchases for full access to
its features and content. The cost of the app may be a consideration for some
users, especially if there are alternative free or lower-cost options
available.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Website: <a href="https://www.mindmate-app.com/">https://www.mindmate-app.com/</a><o:p></o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-14889405965058730022023-07-11T21:55:00.003-07:002023-07-11T21:55:38.322-07:00How to treat young onset dementia?<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Treating young onset dementia involves a comprehensive
approach that aims to manage symptoms, slow down disease progression, and
provide support for the individual and their caregivers. Here are some
important strategies and interventions commonly used in the treatment of young
onset dementia:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Medical
Evaluation: A thorough medical evaluation is necessary to identify the
underlying cause of dementia symptoms. This may involve physical examinations,
neurological tests, brain imaging (such as MRI or CT scan), blood tests, and
other diagnostic procedures.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Medications:
The choice of medications for young onset dementia depends on the underlying
cause of the dementia and the specific symptoms experienced by the individual.
Here are some medications commonly prescribed to manage symptoms associated
with dementia:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cholinesterase inhibitors: Medications such as
donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne) are
commonly used to treat cognitive symptoms in various forms of dementia,
including Alzheimer's disease. They work by increasing the levels of a chemical
messenger called acetylcholine in the brain, which can help improve memory,
thinking, and daily functioning.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Memantine: Memantine (Namenda) is another
medication used to treat moderate to severe dementia, including Alzheimer's
disease. It works by regulating the activity of glutamate, a neurotransmitter
involved in learning and memory. Memantine may be used alone or in combination
with cholinesterase inhibitors.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Antidepressants: Depression is a common symptom
in dementia, and antidepressant medications may be prescribed to alleviate
depressive symptoms and improve mood. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
(SSRIs), such as sertraline (Zoloft) or citalopram (Celexa), are commonly used
in such cases.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo2; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Antipsychotics: In some instances, individuals
with dementia may experience behavioral symptoms, such as agitation,
aggression, or psychosis. Antipsychotic medications, like risperidone
(Risperdal) or quetiapine (Seroquel), may be prescribed in carefully selected
cases to manage these symptoms. However, it's important to note that
antipsychotics should be used judiciously due to potential side effects,
especially in older adults.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP02sFVYZrkC5zQT_CBjcFoEqmtE9ZAf8inNv03pe_V3pqTtpPBAHu3_AUFjCo5MTiRXaYzyzOoQOgYCk1ozvCIFFM9e8MpN1iuv0lAZLvubJ3F2komwSPCSQF1ypWzXxr6TtiJHsF5tocYyjClE1O0r34brcH6xpG1SI9Csu8Gsqrwa8d-8BROcRumw/s722/alzheimers-early-onset-722x406.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="406" data-original-width="722" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP02sFVYZrkC5zQT_CBjcFoEqmtE9ZAf8inNv03pe_V3pqTtpPBAHu3_AUFjCo5MTiRXaYzyzOoQOgYCk1ozvCIFFM9e8MpN1iuv0lAZLvubJ3F2komwSPCSQF1ypWzXxr6TtiJHsF5tocYyjClE1O0r34brcH6xpG1SI9Csu8Gsqrwa8d-8BROcRumw/w400-h225/alzheimers-early-onset-722x406.jpg" width="400" /></a></div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cognitive
Stimulation: Engaging in activities that stimulate cognitive functioning can
help maintain cognitive abilities for as long as possible. This includes puzzles,
memory games, reading, writing, and engaging in hobbies or interests.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Physical
Exercise: Regular physical exercise has been shown to have positive effects on
brain health and cognitive function. Encourage the individual to engage in
activities such as walking, swimming, or any other form of exercise that is
appropriate for their abilities. Here are some physical exercises that can be
suitable for individuals with young onset Alzheimer's:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Walking: Walking is a low-impact exercise that
can be easily incorporated into a daily routine. It promotes cardiovascular
health, helps maintain muscle strength, and provides an opportunity for fresh
air and social interaction if done with a companion.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Yoga: Yoga combines physical movements,
breathing exercises, and meditation. It can help improve flexibility, balance,
and relaxation. Modified or chair yoga may be more appropriate for individuals
with mobility or balance issues.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Tai Chi: Tai Chi is a gentle form of exercise
that involves slow and flowing movements, along with deep breathing and mental
focus. It promotes balance, flexibility, and relaxation.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Water exercises: Water exercises, such as
swimming or water aerobics, are low-impact and gentle on the joints. They can
help improve strength, endurance, and flexibility while minimizing the risk of
injury.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cycling: Stationary cycling or using a recumbent
bike can be a good option for individuals who prefer a seated exercise. It provides
cardiovascular benefits and helps strengthen leg muscles.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Strength training: Light resistance exercises
using weights, resistance bands, or bodyweight can help improve muscle strength
and bone density. Focus on exercises that target major muscle groups, such as
squats, lunges, bicep curls, and shoulder presses. It's important to start with
low weights and progress gradually under proper supervision.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Balance exercises: Balance exercises help reduce
the risk of falls and improve stability. Examples include standing on one leg,
heel-to-toe walk, or practicing yoga poses like the tree pose. These exercises
can be performed with support or near a stable surface for safety.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo4; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Group classes or exercise programs: Joining
exercise classes specifically designed for older adults or individuals with
dementia can provide social interaction and a supportive environment. Look for
classes tailored to the needs and abilities of individuals with cognitive
impairments.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Occupational
Therapy: An occupational therapist can help the individual with young onset
dementia maintain their independence and engage in daily activities. They can
provide strategies, adaptations, and assistive devices to compensate for
cognitive impairments.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Speech
and Language Therapy: A speech and language therapist can assist with
communication difficulties that may arise as dementia progresses. They can provide
exercises, strategies, and alternative communication methods to enhance
communication abilities.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Emotional
and Psychological Support: Young onset dementia can be emotionally challenging
for both the individual and their caregivers. Counseling, support groups, and
therapy can provide emotional support and help individuals and families cope
with the changes and challenges associated with the disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Caregiver
Support: Caregivers play a crucial role in the management of young onset
dementia. It is important for them to receive support, education, and respite
care to prevent burnout and maintain their own well-being. Caregiver support
groups, respite care services, and counseling can be valuable resources.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Environmental
Modifications: Making adjustments to the home environment can help improve
safety and reduce confusion. This includes removing hazards, labeling items,
maintaining routines, and creating a calm and supportive atmosphere.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Legal
and Financial Planning: Young onset dementia often has significant implications
for legal and financial matters. It is important to seek professional advice
regarding legal and financial planning, including power of attorney,
guardianship, and future care arrangements.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Remember that each individual's situation is unique, and
it is crucial to consult with healthcare professionals who specialize in
dementia care to create an individualized treatment plan that addresses
specific needs and circumstances.<o:p></o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-58048879243866985302023-06-30T22:40:00.000-07:002023-06-30T22:40:04.341-07:0011 life hacks, helping to prevent young-onset Alzheimer’s<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Preventing young-onset Alzheimer's disease, also known as
early-onset Alzheimer's, is challenging because the exact causes are not fully
understood. However, there are several lifestyle choices and strategies that
may help reduce the risk or delay the onset of the disease. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMKX_NwOX8wLzIhKFF_TYA4QDQk7IAg5040wVW8WUccHlzkdDqWkp6MNDQGKhwMbBdtGsdNLb679M5a8goBoRVovULqT15w4ttGylEIZiTEvBvGSpoPJO7_awLutEqK_B3nEvM6r1v25V2cLDyrYR-wD9dVCD7arVSGfrQoEXh_2zZ-Z41g2_FUA9SuQ/s1100/keeping-an-active-mind.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="734" data-original-width="1100" height="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMKX_NwOX8wLzIhKFF_TYA4QDQk7IAg5040wVW8WUccHlzkdDqWkp6MNDQGKhwMbBdtGsdNLb679M5a8goBoRVovULqT15w4ttGylEIZiTEvBvGSpoPJO7_awLutEqK_B3nEvM6r1v25V2cLDyrYR-wD9dVCD7arVSGfrQoEXh_2zZ-Z41g2_FUA9SuQ/w400-h268/keeping-an-active-mind.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Here are some
general recommendations:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Stay
mentally active: Engage in activities that stimulate your brain, such as
reading, puzzles, learning new skills, or playing musical instruments. Mental
stimulation may help build cognitive reserve, which could potentially delay the
onset of Alzheimer's symptoms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Exercise
regularly: Regular physical exercise has been associated with a reduced risk of
cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Aim for at least 150 minutes of
moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week, along with strength training
exercises.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Follow
a healthy diet: Adopt a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains,
lean proteins, and healthy fats. Some evidence suggests that a
Mediterranean-style diet, which includes fish, olive oil, nuts, and legumes,
may be beneficial for brain health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Quit
smoking: Quitting smoking now may help maintain brain health and can reduce
your risk of heart disease, cancer, lung disease, and other smoking-related
illnesses.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Maintain
a healthy weight: Obesity and excess weight are linked to a higher risk of
Alzheimer's disease. Strive to maintain a healthy body weight through a
combination of regular exercise and a nutritious diet.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Manage
chronic conditions: Control conditions such as diabetes, high blood pressure,
and high cholesterol, as these conditions increase the risk of cognitive
decline. Follow your healthcare provider's recommendations, take medications as
prescribed, and make necessary lifestyle changes.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Stay
socially engaged: Maintain an active social life and participate in social
activities. Social interaction and having a strong support network have been
associated with better cognitive health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Get
quality sleep: Prioritize regular and sufficient sleep. Poor sleep patterns,
such as insomnia or sleep apnea, have been linked to an increased risk of
cognitive impairment. Establish a consistent sleep routine and create a
comfortable sleep environment.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Protect
your head: Traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) have been associated with an
increased risk of Alzheimer's disease. Take precautions to prevent head
injuries, such as wearing helmets when participating in sports or using
appropriate safety measures in your daily life.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">10.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Manage
stress: Chronic stress may contribute to cognitive decline. Find healthy ways
to manage stress, such as through relaxation techniques, meditation, exercise,
or pursuing hobbies.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">11.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Stay
mentally and socially active: Engage in activities that challenge your brain,
such as reading, puzzles, learning new skills, or playing musical instruments.
Additionally, maintain social connections and participate in activities that
involve interaction with others.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It's important to note that while these strategies may
help reduce the risk or delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease, they cannot
guarantee prevention. If you have concerns about your cognitive health or risk
of developing Alzheimer's, it's recommended to consult with a healthcare
professional who can provide personalized advice based on your specific
situation.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-79785708688357543562023-06-25T22:45:00.002-07:002023-06-25T22:45:24.275-07:00Diagnosing young-onset Alzheimer’s<p> Diagnosing young-onset Alzheimer's disease can be
challenging due to its rarity and the fact that it is often initially
misdiagnosed as other conditions. </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjofkSd-JendkGjHiid9Y6xr9UqfyeiGa6osCUl13I73m7kFxXFILrm6UXDH7eQTtZ3JBzUyo_rSs7m2LxfXMpDmEchDQnc9IyTHj1cpa1pk0Ord4T82YqUU1MBbIuzS_mokWK_r-wprgo99CPdeNDCET2Q4ji70H9ffg8XL6f7N_BvDR7y9ADwzw3DNA/s1600/18sci-brody-dementia-videoSixteenByNineJumbo1600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="899" data-original-width="1600" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjofkSd-JendkGjHiid9Y6xr9UqfyeiGa6osCUl13I73m7kFxXFILrm6UXDH7eQTtZ3JBzUyo_rSs7m2LxfXMpDmEchDQnc9IyTHj1cpa1pk0Ord4T82YqUU1MBbIuzS_mokWK_r-wprgo99CPdeNDCET2Q4ji70H9ffg8XL6f7N_BvDR7y9ADwzw3DNA/w400-h225/18sci-brody-dementia-videoSixteenByNineJumbo1600.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p><br /></p><p>Here are some steps involved in the
diagnostic process:</p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Medical
History and Physical Examination: The healthcare provider will begin by taking
a detailed medical history, including the individual's symptoms, family
history, and any other relevant information. A thorough physical examination
will also be conducted to assess overall health and neurological function.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Cognitive
and Neuropsychological Testing: Various cognitive tests and neuropsychological
assessments will be administered to evaluate memory, thinking skills, language
abilities, and other cognitive functions. These tests help identify any
cognitive impairments and assess the severity and pattern of cognitive decline.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Brain
Imaging: Imaging tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or positron
emission tomography (PET) scans, may be performed to visualize the brain and
detect any abnormalities or changes associated with Alzheimer's disease. These
scans can help rule out other potential causes of cognitive decline.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Genetic
Testing: Genetic testing may be considered, especially in cases with a strong
family history of early-onset Alzheimer's. Certain genetic mutations, such as
mutations in the APP, PSEN1, or PSEN2 genes, are known to increase the risk of
developing Alzheimer's disease at a younger age. Genetic testing can help
identify these mutations and provide valuable information for diagnosis and
genetic counseling.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Laboratory
Tests: Blood tests may be conducted to rule out other medical conditions that
can cause similar symptoms, such as thyroid disorders, vitamin deficiencies, or
infections. These tests help ensure that other potential causes of cognitive
decline are appropriately addressed.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Longitudinal
Assessment: Young-onset Alzheimer's may progress more rapidly than late-onset
Alzheimer's. Therefore, a longitudinal assessment of cognitive function over
time may be necessary to observe the rate of decline and establish a pattern
consistent with Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]-->7.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Consultation
with Specialists: In some cases, consultation with specialists, such as
neurologists, neuropsychologists, or genetic counselors, may be necessary to
aid in the diagnosis and provide expertise in the evaluation and management of
young-onset Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]-->8.<span style="font-feature-settings: normal; font-kerning: auto; font-optical-sizing: auto; font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variation-settings: normal; line-height: normal;"> </span><!--[endif]-->Evaluation
of Other Factors: The healthcare provider will also consider other factors that
can contribute to cognitive impairment, such as medication side effects,
substance abuse, sleep disorders, or mental health conditions. Addressing these
factors is important to ensure an accurate diagnosis.<o:p></o:p></p>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO-0RRQWszAAX0ImDB94Dl7SvMKKiRBAooXb84d1RI-cspcICmzB6SQyLRkdy1LMcXRWZMLn0STcX1EjJnXOL1N0xLYzBvGjyGgGXedcxue0yvJVVbaS8uFJavIyztPCm-LSZLqBzyeIR4v9EWfBc3XAm7TR4PKnTLuS1aTR7baaTqTsfLr98B9v5x7Q/s579/Screenshot%202023-06-25%20224333.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="294" data-original-width="579" height="203" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiO-0RRQWszAAX0ImDB94Dl7SvMKKiRBAooXb84d1RI-cspcICmzB6SQyLRkdy1LMcXRWZMLn0STcX1EjJnXOL1N0xLYzBvGjyGgGXedcxue0yvJVVbaS8uFJavIyztPCm-LSZLqBzyeIR4v9EWfBc3XAm7TR4PKnTLuS1aTR7baaTqTsfLr98B9v5x7Q/w400-h203/Screenshot%202023-06-25%20224333.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-family: "Calibri",sans-serif; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br /></span></div>It's important to note that diagnosing young-onset
Alzheimer's disease can be complex, and it may require a multidisciplinary
approach involving neurologists, geriatricians, neuropsychologists, and other
specialists. If you or someone you know is experiencing cognitive decline at a
young age, it is advisable to consult with a healthcare professional who
specializes in memory disorders or neurodegenerative diseases for a
comprehensive evaluation and diagnosis.</span>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-67890236069866576612023-06-19T17:13:00.006-07:002023-06-19T21:57:58.644-07:00May Cacao help Alzheimer’s patients?<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in;"><i>A specific preparation of
cocoa-extract called Lavado may reduce damage to nerve pathways seen in
Alzheimer’s disease patients’ brains long before they develop symptoms,
according to a study conducted at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
and published June 20, 2014 in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease (JAD).
<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc-jDRTRMcCjwym2lP-1TQ6lblNil2IoFk1UUJQeBJcjTPgs23vA8WZO7DRBpINEgs7_nSJXJoVc9AEZouyjstFYcpDBvws-kRgduB578s9LFKmDcU3kuHf_MdhNL45hy3snWv26wxzvYXLtyjqgbICHNe8JUCqg6acNtgV3_AF1J-Zm7k2Ym3rlfVhg/s800/loi-ich-cua-cacao-doi-voi-nguoi-cao-tuoi-02.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="800" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjc-jDRTRMcCjwym2lP-1TQ6lblNil2IoFk1UUJQeBJcjTPgs23vA8WZO7DRBpINEgs7_nSJXJoVc9AEZouyjstFYcpDBvws-kRgduB578s9LFKmDcU3kuHf_MdhNL45hy3snWv26wxzvYXLtyjqgbICHNe8JUCqg6acNtgV3_AF1J-Zm7k2Ym3rlfVhg/w400-h200/loi-ich-cua-cacao-doi-voi-nguoi-cao-tuoi-02.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Cacao, which is derived from the cocoa bean, contains
several compounds that have been studied for their potential effects on
cognitive health. While more research is needed, some studies suggest that
certain components in cacao may have benefits for brain function and could
potentially help with conditions like Alzheimer's disease. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Mechanism<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The potential mechanisms by which cacao may help with
Alzheimer's symptoms are still being studied, and more research is needed to
fully understand the relationship. However, some of the proposed mechanisms
include the following:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Antioxidant
and anti-inflammatory effects: Cacao is rich in flavonoids, particularly
flavanols, which possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are believed to play a role in the
development and progression of Alzheimer's disease. The antioxidants and
anti-inflammatory compounds in cacao may help reduce oxidative damage and
inflammation in the brain, potentially protecting against neurodegeneration.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Improved
blood flow and vascular health: Flavanols found in cacao have been shown to
improve blood flow and enhance the function of blood vessels. Inadequate blood
flow to the brain is associated with cognitive decline and an increased risk of
Alzheimer's disease. By improving blood flow and vascular health, cacao may
support brain function and potentially mitigate some Alzheimer's symptoms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Neuroprotective
effects: Certain compounds in cacao, including flavanols, have demonstrated
neuroprotective properties in laboratory studies. They may help protect brain
cells from damage and promote their survival. This neuroprotective action could
potentially slow down the progression of Alzheimer's disease and alleviate some
of its symptoms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cognitive
enhancement: Cacao consumption has been associated with improved cognitive
function and memory performance in some studies. Flavanols may enhance neuronal
communication and synaptic plasticity, which are important for learning and
memory processes. By positively influencing these cognitive functions, cacao
might help mitigate cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>What type of Cacao?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The type of cacao that may potentially help with
cognitive functions is high-quality, minimally processed dark chocolate or
cocoa products that have a high concentration of flavanols. Flavanols are a
subgroup of flavonoids found in cacao, and they are believed to have beneficial
effects on brain health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">When it comes to cacao products, the level of processing
and the percentage of cocoa content can vary significantly. Generally, darker
chocolates with higher cocoa content tend to have higher levels of flavanols.
Milk chocolate and white chocolate, on the other hand, typically have lower
levels of cocoa and may contain added sugars and fats.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">To maximize the potential cognitive benefits of cacao,
consider the following:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Look
for high-quality dark chocolate: Choose dark chocolate with a cocoa content of
70% or higher. The higher the cocoa content, the greater the potential flavanol
content.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Check
the processing method: Opt for minimally processed chocolate to ensure that the
flavanols are preserved. Look for chocolates that mention
"non-alkalized" or "non-Dutched" cocoa, as the alkalization
process can significantly reduce the flavanol content.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Dosage and Protocol<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">If you are interested in incorporating cacao into your or
a loved one's routine as a potential adjunctive support, it's advisable to
follow these general recommendations:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Choose
high-quality dark chocolate: Opt for dark chocolate with a high cocoa content (70%
or higher) and minimal processing. This type of chocolate tends to have higher
levels of flavanols, which are the compounds believed to provide potential
cognitive benefits.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Moderation
is key: While dark chocolate can be enjoyed as part of a balanced diet, it's
important to consume it in moderation due to its calorie and fat content. Aim
for a moderate portion, such as a small square or a couple of ounces, a few
times per week.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Individual
tolerance and response: Everyone's tolerance and response to cacao can vary.
Some individuals may find that a small amount of dark chocolate is sufficient
to experience potential benefits, while others may require higher amounts. It's
important to pay attention to how you or the person you care for personally
responds to cacao and adjust the dosage accordingly.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Consider
overall dietary and lifestyle factors: Cacao should be viewed as part of a
broader approach to supporting cognitive health. Adopting a well-balanced diet
that includes a variety of nutrient-rich foods, engaging in regular physical
exercise, managing stress, getting adequate sleep, and staying mentally active
are all important factors for overall brain health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It's crucial to note that cacao or dark chocolate should
not replace any prescribed medications or treatments for Alzheimer's disease.
It's always recommended to consult with a healthcare professional, such as a
neurologist or geriatric specialist, before making any significant changes to
your or your loved one's diet or lifestyle, especially when dealing with a
complex condition like Alzheimer's. They can provide personalized guidance and
take into account individual health considerations and potential interactions
with existing medications.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>May Cacao Ceremony help with Azlheimer’s?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Cacao ceremonies are ceremonial gatherings where
participants consume cacao as a means of connecting with themselves, others,
and the natural world. While cacao ceremonies can have spiritual and emotional
benefits for some individuals, there is no scientific evidence to suggest that
they can specifically address or treat Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Alzheimer's disease is a complex neurodegenerative
condition that requires medical attention and appropriate treatment. Cacao
ceremonies, on the other hand, are not recognized as a medical intervention for
this condition. They are more commonly associated with spiritual and emotional
well-being rather than targeted therapeutic effects on cognitive disorders.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Sources and Additional Information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2014/cocoa-extract-may-counter-specific-mechanisms-of-alzheimers-disease">https://www.mountsinai.org/about/newsroom/2014/cocoa-extract-may-counter-specific-mechanisms-of-alzheimers-disease</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.alzdiscovery.org/cognitive-vitality/ratings/cocoa">https://www.alzdiscovery.org/cognitive-vitality/ratings/cocoa</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/cocoa-extract-may-help-treat-alzheimers-89795703626.html">https://www.yahoo.com/lifestyle/cocoa-extract-may-help-treat-alzheimers-89795703626.html</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-57348714026029630762023-06-14T20:54:00.006-07:002023-06-14T20:54:34.474-07:00What is young-onset dementia?<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal">People whose symptoms started when they were under the age
of 65 are often known as ‘younger people with dementia’ or as having
young-onset dementia. This is not for a biological reason, but is based on the
fact that 65 was the usual age of retirement for many people.<br />
<br />
People sometimes use the terms ‘early-onset dementia’ or ‘working-age
dementia’. This information uses the term ‘young-onset dementia’. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Dementia is caused by a wide range of different diseases.
This is similar for younger and older people (‘late-onset dementia’), but
there are important differences in how dementia affects younger people.
These include the following:<o:p></o:p></p>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">A
wider range of diseases cause young-onset dementia.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">A
younger person is much more likely to have a rarer form of dementia.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Younger
people with dementia are less likely to have memory loss as one of their
first symptoms.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Young-onset
dementia is more likely to cause problems with movement, walking,
co-ordination or balance.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Young-onset
dementia is more likely to be inherited (passed on through genes) – this
affects up to 10% of younger people with dementia.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Many
younger people with dementia don’t have any other serious or long-term
health conditions.<o:p></o:p></li>
</ul>
<p class="MsoNormal">Someone who is diagnosed under the age of 65 needs to adjust
to living with a long-term condition as a younger person. They might be
concerned about the effects this will have on their family, relationships,
finances and daily life. They may also be worried that any children or siblings
will have a higher risk of developing dementia. Therefore, young-onset dementia
presents unique challenges for individuals, their families, and healthcare
providers. Diagnosis in younger individuals can be particularly challenging
since dementia is not typically expected at a younger age, leading to delays in
recognizing and evaluating the symptoms. The impact on personal and
professional lives can be significant, as individuals with young-onset dementia
may still be in the workforce, have dependent children, or hold important social
roles.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAzo8mK-XmDVPt9EWs7KF4v-O0n2V_1bAzPONXMwjiXBk9iMsjAhSdcpKDu33feBCWI24gGOqaiYAPvI9x9Kvn6vYe-RdyY8rYZG32Hl5IOpBCO_0_mUFD6QBlROXJsNiuI9XQ3jBaqdvwOKhtyjL7d_wW9uejlTATGvv2GkaLG8SDuNg_fuyXH2E/s700/Young-person-with-Dementia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="394" data-original-width="700" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAzo8mK-XmDVPt9EWs7KF4v-O0n2V_1bAzPONXMwjiXBk9iMsjAhSdcpKDu33feBCWI24gGOqaiYAPvI9x9Kvn6vYe-RdyY8rYZG32Hl5IOpBCO_0_mUFD6QBlROXJsNiuI9XQ3jBaqdvwOKhtyjL7d_wW9uejlTATGvv2GkaLG8SDuNg_fuyXH2E/w400-h225/Young-person-with-Dementia.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNormal"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>How common young-onset dementia?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Young-onset dementia is relatively rare compared to dementia
in older adults. The exact prevalence of young-onset dementia is challenging to
determine due to variations in diagnostic criteria, age cutoffs, and study
methodologies. However, it is estimated that around 5-10% of all dementia cases
occur in individuals under the age of 65.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The most common cause of young-onset dementia is Alzheimer's
disease, accounting for a significant proportion of cases. Other causes include
frontotemporal dementia, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and rare
genetic conditions such as Huntington's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">It's important to note that the prevalence of different
types of young-onset dementia can vary. For example, frontotemporal dementia
tends to be more common in younger individuals compared to older adults with
dementia.<o:p></o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-73363268889442333092023-06-05T21:06:00.003-07:002023-06-05T21:06:42.107-07:00What we know about Corticobasal syndrome (CBS)?<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is a rare condition in which
parts of the brain become damaged and begin to shrink. It is a rare
neurological disorder characterized by a progressive degeneration of specific
regions of the brain. It is considered a form of frontotemporal degeneration
(FTD) and falls under the umbrella term of "tauopathies," which are
conditions characterized by the abnormal accumulation of a protein called tau
in the brain.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5OrtcHFr-AjeVFe7jHYf5CFa9gL23qgaDmkEY-JZLUXvGu_ellP3vwYEwjH0rjCxnCbW3vXFc644-ZAaYVLItqjMsNVNAHY3Togcy4sn0gGqicFSANkaDF5Mk0D3BS3U6VtH5fgrSj3j_JJpCTnn7u9z5YPul6vuHvKkSBa5ybFFkY4__0cApmNc/s1000/176024450_281102663649717_747598346482669831_n.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="788" data-original-width="1000" height="315" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5OrtcHFr-AjeVFe7jHYf5CFa9gL23qgaDmkEY-JZLUXvGu_ellP3vwYEwjH0rjCxnCbW3vXFc644-ZAaYVLItqjMsNVNAHY3Togcy4sn0gGqicFSANkaDF5Mk0D3BS3U6VtH5fgrSj3j_JJpCTnn7u9z5YPul6vuHvKkSBa5ybFFkY4__0cApmNc/w400-h315/176024450_281102663649717_747598346482669831_n.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Causes<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The exact cause of CBS is not fully understood, and there
is ongoing research to better comprehend the underlying mechanisms. However,
the abnormal accumulation of tau protein in certain brain regions, such as the
cerebral cortex and basal ganglia, is believed to play a significant role in
the development of the syndrome.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Several underlying factors and mechanisms have been proposed
as potential contributors to the development of CBS, including:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Tau
Pathology: Tau is a protein that helps stabilize the internal structure of
nerve cells. In CBS, abnormal tau accumulates and forms clumps or tangles
within brain cells, interfering with their normal functioning. These tau
aggregates are believed to contribute to the degeneration and dysfunction of
affected brain regions.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Genetic
Factors: In some cases, there may be a genetic predisposition to CBS. Mutations
or variations in certain genes, such as the MAPT gene (which provides
instructions for producing the tau protein), have been associated with an
increased risk of developing CBS.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Environmental
Factors: While the precise environmental factors contributing to CBS are not
well understood, certain toxins, infections, or other environmental exposures
may play a role in triggering or accelerating the degenerative process. However,
further research is needed to establish specific environmental factors and
their mechanisms of influence.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It's important to note that CBS is considered an uncommon
condition, and its precise cause and pathogenesis are still subjects of ongoing
research. The complex interplay between genetic, environmental, and molecular
factors in CBS development is an active area of investigation.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Symptoms<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is characterized by a
combination of motor and cognitive symptoms. The specific symptoms can vary
among individuals, and the severity and progression of symptoms can also
differ. Here are some common symptoms associated with CBS:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Motor
Symptoms:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Asymmetric rigidity and stiffness: One side of
the body is often more affected than the other, leading to muscle stiffness and
resistance to movement.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Bradykinesia: Slowness in initiating and
executing voluntary movements.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Tremors: Uncontrollable shaking or trembling,
typically affecting one side of the body.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Apraxia: Difficulty with performing purposeful
movements or coordinating motor actions, particularly fine motor skills.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Dystonia: Involuntary muscle contractions that
cause abnormal postures or repetitive movements.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Myoclonus: Sudden, brief muscle twitches or
jerks.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cognitive
and Behavioral Symptoms:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Executive dysfunction: Impairment in cognitive
functions such as planning, organizing, problem-solving, and decision-making.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Language difficulties: Trouble finding words,
expressing thoughts, or understanding spoken or written language.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Memory problems: Short-term memory loss and
difficulty retaining new information.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Visuospatial impairment: Challenges with spatial
awareness, depth perception, and recognizing familiar objects or faces.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Changes in behavior and personality: Mood
changes, apathy, social withdrawal, disinhibition, or emotional instability.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cognitive fluctuations: Variability in cognitive
abilities and attention span throughout the day.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It's important to note that CBS symptoms can overlap with
other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's
disease, or progressive supranuclear palsy. Diagnosis requires a comprehensive
evaluation by a medical professional, including a detailed medical history,
neurological examination, neuropsychological testing, and brain imaging, to
differentiate CBS from other conditions.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The symptoms of CBS typically progress gradually over
time, and the rate of progression can vary among individuals. As the disease
advances, the symptoms can significantly impact an individual's motor
abilities, cognition, and overall functioning.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTfX1zeZpXFpU7UnmazqtS_yE5-Sad7tsUQUc0iuplJLZxX_No8wpnuEHx5Psu0wBr7BF34qX3GrWvyzdqvM4vdWt0Kt3I7BvIqrDIHgPGB-owC42sMERFWj-MRQAobx01Czh3mXDL2ioOBvKmnOI88HuwEFiKI_h06sOwXUfxigQbxEewaEu1cqU/s728/Screenshot%202023-06-05%20210328.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="472" data-original-width="728" height="259" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTfX1zeZpXFpU7UnmazqtS_yE5-Sad7tsUQUc0iuplJLZxX_No8wpnuEHx5Psu0wBr7BF34qX3GrWvyzdqvM4vdWt0Kt3I7BvIqrDIHgPGB-owC42sMERFWj-MRQAobx01Czh3mXDL2ioOBvKmnOI88HuwEFiKI_h06sOwXUfxigQbxEewaEu1cqU/w400-h259/Screenshot%202023-06-05%20210328.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><b><br /></b><p></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Diagnostics<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Diagnosing CBS can be challenging because its symptoms
overlap with other neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease,
Alzheimer's disease, and progressive supranuclear palsy. The diagnosis of
Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) involves a comprehensive evaluation by healthcare
professionals, typically neurologists or movement disorder specialists. The
diagnostic process for CBS includes several components to assess symptoms, rule
out other conditions, and examine potential underlying causes. Here are some
common diagnostic steps:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Medical
History: The healthcare professional will take a detailed medical history,
including information about the onset, progression, and nature of symptoms.
They may also inquire about any relevant family history of neurological
disorders.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Physical
Examination: A thorough neurological examination will be conducted to assess
motor functions, reflexes, coordination, muscle tone, and sensory responses.
The examination may involve specific tests to evaluate movements, such as
assessing rigidity, tremors, and abnormalities in muscle control.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Neuropsychological
Assessment: Cognitive function and mental abilities will be evaluated through a
neuropsychological assessment. This assessment may include tests to assess
memory, attention, language skills, problem-solving abilities, and executive
functions.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Brain
Imaging: Imaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), may be
used to visualize the brain and detect any structural abnormalities. MRI can
help identify patterns of brain atrophy or other changes that are
characteristic of CBS.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Laboratory
Tests: Blood tests may be conducted to rule out other potential causes of
symptoms and to assess general health. These tests may include a complete blood
count (CBC), metabolic panel, and thyroid function tests.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Differential
Diagnosis: The healthcare professional will consider other conditions that may
present with similar symptoms, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's
disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, or other forms of frontotemporal degeneration.
Differentiating CBS from these conditions is crucial for an accurate diagnosis.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Genetic
Testing: In some cases, genetic testing may be recommended, especially if there
is a family history of CBS or other related disorders. Genetic tests can identify
specific gene mutations associated with CBS, such as mutations in the MAPT
gene.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It's important to note that CBS is a complex condition,
and diagnosing it can be challenging due to overlapping symptoms with other
disorders. The diagnosis may require multiple visits and assessments over time
to track the progression of symptoms and observe any characteristic patterns.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Treatment<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Currently, there is no cure for Corticobasal syndrome
(CBS) as it is a progressive and neurodegenerative disorder. Treatment focuses
on managing symptoms, improving quality of life, and providing support to
individuals and their caregivers. The specific treatment approach may vary
depending on the symptoms and needs of the individual, and a multidisciplinary
team of healthcare professionals may be involved in their care. Here are some
treatment strategies commonly employed for CBS:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Medications:
Medications are often prescribed to manage specific symptoms associated with
CBS. These may include:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo7; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Dopaminergic medications: These can help alleviate
motor symptoms, such as rigidity and bradykinesia, similar to the treatment
approach for Parkinson's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo7; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Botulinum toxin injections: These may be used to
manage dystonia or muscle spasms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l7 level2 lfo7; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Antidepressants or anxiolytics: These can be
prescribed to address mood changes or emotional symptoms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Physical
and Occupational Therapy: Physical and occupational therapy can help
individuals with CBS maintain mobility, manage motor symptoms, and improve
daily functioning. Therapists may provide exercises, stretching routines,
assistive devices, and strategies to address specific challenges related to
movement, coordination, and activities of daily living.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Speech
and Language Therapy: Speech and language therapy can assist individuals with
CBS who experience difficulties with language, speech production, and
swallowing. Therapists can provide exercises, strategies, and techniques to
improve communication and address swallowing difficulties.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Assistive
Devices: Assistive devices and adaptations may be recommended to compensate for
motor impairments and enhance independence. These can include mobility aids,
adaptive equipment for daily activities, or modifications to the home
environment to promote safety and accessibility.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Psychosocial
Support: CBS can have a significant emotional and psychological impact on
individuals and their families. Psychosocial support, such as counseling,
support groups, and caregiver education, can provide emotional support, coping
strategies, and practical guidance for managing the challenges associated with
CBS.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Clinical
Trials and Research: Participation in clinical trials and research studies may
be an option for individuals with CBS. These studies explore potential
treatments, therapies, or interventions aimed at slowing the progression of the
disease or improving symptoms. Participation in research can contribute to the
advancement of knowledge and potential future treatments.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It's important for individuals with CBS to have regular
follow-up appointments with their healthcare team to monitor symptoms, assess
treatment effectiveness, and make adjustments as needed. Each person's
experience with CBS is unique, so treatment plans should be tailored to their
specific needs and goals.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Prevention<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Currently, there are no known methods for preventing
Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) since the underlying causes and mechanisms of the
condition are not fully understood. CBS is considered a neurodegenerative
disorder, and its development is likely influenced by a combination of genetic
and environmental factors.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">However, there are some general strategies that may
promote brain health and potentially reduce the risk or delay the onset of
certain neurodegenerative disorders, including CBS. These strategies include:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Healthy
Lifestyle Choices: Adopting a healthy lifestyle may help support brain health
and overall well-being. This includes regular physical exercise, maintaining a
balanced and nutritious diet, getting sufficient sleep, and managing stress
levels.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Mental
Stimulation: Engaging in mentally stimulating activities, such as reading,
puzzles, learning new skills, or participating in social and intellectual
activities, may help keep the brain active and potentially contribute to
cognitive health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cardiovascular
Health: Taking steps to maintain good cardiovascular health may also have a
positive impact on brain health. This involves managing conditions like high
blood pressure, diabetes, and high cholesterol, as well as avoiding smoking and
excessive alcohol consumption.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Regular
Check-ups: Regular medical check-ups and screenings can help identify and
manage any underlying health conditions that may impact brain health. It is
important to consult with healthcare professionals for routine health assessments
and appropriate screenings.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">While these strategies may not specifically prevent CBS,
they promote overall brain health and may contribute to reducing the risk of
developing various neurodegenerative disorders. It's essential to remember that
CBS is a complex condition, and its development is influenced by multiple
factors that are not fully understood at this time.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-27016320884146653262023-05-31T20:38:00.002-07:002023-05-31T20:38:27.238-07:00Lecanemab Approved for Treatment of Early Alzheimer's Disease<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently granted
accelerated approval to a new Alzheimer’s treatment called <b>Lecanemab</b>,
which has been shown to moderately slow cognitive and functional decline in
early-stage cases of the disease. The FDA’s decision followed results of a
Phase III clinical trial published in the Jan. 5 issue of The New England
Journal of Medicine. Christopher van Dyck, MD, director of Yale’s Alzheimer’s
Disease Research Unit, was the lead author of the paper.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Sold under the brand name <b>Leqembi</b> and made by
Eisai in partnership with Biogen Inc., the drug is delivered by an intravenous
infusion every two weeks.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3GuAy2R931bq7kTFTKGOWarR55ZaT_5sdnMoIL7scbATArStxKKSVAlAqlZGYjWEkrJ1Q-JlVJ1M1ZxUNfhrT1_INyS5kSksCi0OID4mo_OnyszIAK5fi5DPrpstkX_SBFUEtH-q6gcU3YuMzA5R-Rnvm67iEX5mXmUVzxxE4Si1wKyvv8kwqeUo/s597/Screenshot%202023-05-31%20203341.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="397" data-original-width="597" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi3GuAy2R931bq7kTFTKGOWarR55ZaT_5sdnMoIL7scbATArStxKKSVAlAqlZGYjWEkrJ1Q-JlVJ1M1ZxUNfhrT1_INyS5kSksCi0OID4mo_OnyszIAK5fi5DPrpstkX_SBFUEtH-q6gcU3YuMzA5R-Rnvm67iEX5mXmUVzxxE4Si1wKyvv8kwqeUo/w400-h266/Screenshot%202023-05-31%20203341.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>How Lecanemab works?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Lecanemab is a monoclonal antibody that targets amyloid,
a protein that forms sticky plaques in the brain and is a key characteristic of
Alzheimer’s disease. The drug binds to the amyloid protein, preventing it from
clumping together and forming plaques. It also promotes the clearance of
existing plaques, which may reduce inflammation and neuronal damage in the
brain.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Several trials of lecanemab have shown positive results
in reducing amyloid plaques in the brain. One study found that patients
receiving high doses of the drug had a 90% reduction in amyloid plaque levels
after 18 months of treatment, compared to placebo. Another study showed that patients
receiving lecanemab had a significant reduction in amyloid plaques after just 6
months of treatment. These findings suggest that lecanemab has the potential to
slow or even halt the progression of Alzheimer’s disease by reducing the amount
of amyloid in the brain.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">In addition to reducing amyloid plaques, lecanemab may
also improve cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. An
analysis of data from a phase 2 trial showed that patients receiving the drug
had better scores on cognitive tests than those receiving placebo, particularly
in tasks related to memory and language. These results suggest that lecanemab
may have a positive impact on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s
disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">One key concern in developing drugs for Alzheimer’s
disease is the risk of side effects. Previous drugs that targeted amyloid have
had limited success in clinical trials, in part because of side effects such as
swelling and bleeding in the brain. However, studies of lecanemab have reported
few adverse events, and the drug appears to be well-tolerated in patients. This
is an encouraging finding, as it suggests that lecanemab may be a safe and
effective option for treating Alzheimer’s disease without causing serious side
effects.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>What were the results of the phase 3 clinical trial?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">This is one of the largest clinical trials in Alzheimer's
disease and was unique in that it had higher participation of historically
underrepresented groups than in previous studies. It also allowed volunteers
with more medical comorbidities to enter the study. Usually, participant
populations in studies like these are healthy, so this created a more
representative sample of the Alzheimer's population in the real world.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The volunteers underwent a battery of tests that measured
cognitive performance, functional performance, and behavior, and brain imaging
and monitoring of biomarkers of the disease. The drug was associated with
extremely robust amyloid plaque clearance; most of the participants at 18
months had no detectable plaques in their brain. Other downstream effects
associated with Alzheimer’s, like tau and neuronal inflammation biomarkers,
also looked like they moved more towards normal.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">There was a statistically significant separation between
participants who received the drug compared to those who received a
placebo on global measures of cognitive and functional impairment, keeping in
mind that participants in the study had a confirmed diagnosis of Alzheimer’s
but their cognitive symptoms were still very mild at the time of their
enrollment. This provides the first definitive evidence that clearing
amyloid beta improves cognitive performance. It is important to note that
both groups experienced cognitive decline over the 18 months of the study, but
the placebo group declined at a faster rate. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">About 12.5 percent of participants showed evidence of
mild to moderate localized brain swelling, but this was not life threatening,
rarely clinically evident, and resolved over several weeks when the medication
was temporarily halted. We also saw a higher rate of micro hemorrhages, or
pinhead bleeds, that we often see in patients with Alzheimer's disease, so the
treatment requires careful clinical and MRI monitoring, particularly in the
first 6-12 months.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-ANni-GizQUzr5k9rdypFwC6h75yVwO4q-QnPgvFfifxu1v90LisAZt9MwzdwEfDcdDDnsuapVEgBysZlA6J7sbc_Bx1heoxKo0B3v0h5NWj6Gy_0a2C6oHa6VFfGEvOjXUVoxrEEj1YOWQMQvT3TI4q8qE62UvMBzrEUpFQJwuAWE0F_ZPRhJ0E/s644/Screenshot%202023-05-31%20203226.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="644" height="299" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-ANni-GizQUzr5k9rdypFwC6h75yVwO4q-QnPgvFfifxu1v90LisAZt9MwzdwEfDcdDDnsuapVEgBysZlA6J7sbc_Bx1heoxKo0B3v0h5NWj6Gy_0a2C6oHa6VFfGEvOjXUVoxrEEj1YOWQMQvT3TI4q8qE62UvMBzrEUpFQJwuAWE0F_ZPRhJ0E/w400-h299/Screenshot%202023-05-31%20203226.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><br /></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Who should take this drug?</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The FDA prescribing information specifies that lecanemab
is appropriate for people with early Alzheimer's with confirmation of elevated
beta-amyloid. The treatment was studied in people living with early Alzheimer's
dementia and MCI due to Alzheimer's who showed evidence of a buildup of
beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. The therapy has not been tested on people
with more advanced stages of Alzheimer's or those without clinical symptoms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>How much will this drug cost?</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">In a news release, the manufacturers of lecanemab
announced they are setting the price of the drug at $26,500 a year.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>How is this drug administered?</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The treatment is administered through an IV every two
weeks, lasting 45 to 60 minutes for each infusion. Typically, infusions can be
done at hospitals and infusion therapy centers.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Sources and Additional Information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/lecanemab-leqembi-new-alzheimers-drug">https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/lecanemab-leqembi-new-alzheimers-drug</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/what-you-need-to-know-about-lecanemab-the-potential-new-alzheimers-drug">https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/what-you-need-to-know-about-lecanemab-the-potential-new-alzheimers-drug</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/new-alzheimers-drug-will-cost-26500-year-will-able-get-rcna64883">https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/new-alzheimers-drug-will-cost-26500-year-will-able-get-rcna64883</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-49036411500555481712023-05-24T23:41:00.002-07:002023-05-24T23:41:27.912-07:00How psychedelic mushrooms help with Alzheimer’s symptoms?<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">The potential use of psychedelic mushrooms, specifically
the compound psilocybin found in certain species, for alleviating Alzheimer's
symptoms is an area of ongoing research and exploration. While preliminary
studies suggest some potential benefits, it is important to note that the
research is still in its early stages, and more evidence is needed to establish
the safety and effectiveness of psilocybin in treating Alzheimer's disease. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Here are a few key points:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Neuroplasticity
and neurogenesis: Psilocybin has been shown to promote neuroplasticity, which
refers to the brain's ability to reorganize and form new connections. It has
also been suggested to potentially stimulate neurogenesis, the growth of new
neurons. These effects may have implications for Alzheimer's disease, as the
condition involves neuronal loss and impaired brain plasticity.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Enhanced
emotional well-being: Psilocybin has been reported to induce profound mystical
experiences and promote a sense of connectedness, well-being, and positive
mood. This can potentially contribute to reducing anxiety, depression, and
improving overall emotional well-being in individuals with Alzheimer's disease
who may experience these symptoms.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Reduction
of existential distress: Alzheimer's disease can lead to existential distress
and a sense of loss of identity or disconnection from oneself and others.
Psychedelic-assisted therapy with psilocybin may help individuals with
Alzheimer's disease explore and process their emotions, thoughts, and fears
related to their condition, potentially reducing existential distress and
improving quality of life.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It is important to highlight that the use of psychedelic
substances like psilocybin should only be conducted under the guidance of
trained professionals in a controlled and regulated setting. Safety, dosage,
and potential interactions with other medications need to be carefully
considered.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">While the preliminary findings are promising, more
rigorous clinical trials are needed to evaluate the long-term safety, efficacy,
and potential benefits of psychedelic mushrooms in treating Alzheimer's disease
and its symptoms. It is always advisable to consult with healthcare
professionals and stay informed about the latest research developments in this
area.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDsJF93v-IsZ694WvFIXQPyyHHC-QwmREtw9KqSgzBKl1NcTkP10YXJKqsAxOT5Q9zlrCA--s_D1KGyPxRULMo8pVeK1oDD9GyQ-Il9eVCQlu0-RG62SQEDLHB3jjFWeIPwmMqVy4dqfO20-t489Y5TvIeawLqBXT7cAjUXhgD-ShHKKBNZ7f2Awg/s1300/magic%20mushrooms.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="867" data-original-width="1300" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiDsJF93v-IsZ694WvFIXQPyyHHC-QwmREtw9KqSgzBKl1NcTkP10YXJKqsAxOT5Q9zlrCA--s_D1KGyPxRULMo8pVeK1oDD9GyQ-Il9eVCQlu0-RG62SQEDLHB3jjFWeIPwmMqVy4dqfO20-t489Y5TvIeawLqBXT7cAjUXhgD-ShHKKBNZ7f2Awg/w400-h266/magic%20mushrooms.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /> <p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>How Psilocybin promotes neuroplasticity?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The exact mechanisms through which psilocybin promotes
neuroplasticity are not yet fully understood. However, there are several
hypotheses based on current research that suggest potential ways in which
psilocybin may influence neuroplasticity:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Activation
of serotonin receptors: Psilocybin is a psychedelic compound that acts
primarily by binding to serotonin 2A receptors in the brain. Serotonin is
involved in regulating various brain functions, including mood, cognition, and
neuroplasticity. Activation of these receptors by psilocybin may lead to
changes in neuronal activity and synaptic plasticity, contributing to
neuroplasticity.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Increased
brain connectivity: Studies using brain imaging techniques, such as functional
magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), have shown that psilocybin can increase
functional connectivity between different brain regions. This increased
connectivity may facilitate the exchange of information between brain networks
and promote neuroplasticity.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Modulation
of glutamate transmission: Psilocybin has been found to affect glutamate, a key
neurotransmitter involved in synaptic plasticity and learning processes. It has
been proposed that psilocybin may modulate glutamate transmission, potentially
influencing neuroplasticity and synaptic remodeling.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Induction
of neurotrophic factors: Psilocybin may also promote the release of
neurotrophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
Neurotrophic factors are essential for neuronal survival, growth, and the
formation of new connections. Increased levels of BDNF may support
neuroplasticity and contribute to the growth and maintenance of neurons.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>How Psilocybin enhances emotional well-being for
Alzheimer's patients?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The potential enhancement of emotional well-being in
Alzheimer's patients through the use of psilocybin is an area of emerging
research. Although studies in this specific population are limited, there is
evidence to suggest that psilocybin may have positive effects on emotional
well-being for individuals with Alzheimer's disease. Here are a few possible
reasons:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Modulation
of serotonin receptors: Psilocybin acts primarily by binding to serotonin 2A receptors
in the brain. Serotonin is involved in regulating mood, emotions, and
well-being. By stimulating these receptors, psilocybin may lead to changes in
the brain that promote positive emotional states, potentially reducing symptoms
of depression and anxiety commonly experienced by individuals with Alzheimer's.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Induction
of mystical experiences: Psilocybin has been reported to induce profound
mystical experiences characterized by a sense of awe, interconnectedness, and
transcendence of self. These experiences can have a profound impact on one's
outlook and emotions, leading to positive shifts in well-being and a sense of
personal meaning and connection.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Reduction
of fear and existential distress: Alzheimer's disease can bring about
existential distress, fear, and a sense of loss of identity.
Psilocybin-assisted therapy may help individuals explore and process their
emotions, fears, and thoughts related to their condition, leading to a
reduction in distress and improved emotional well-being. The experience of
connectedness and transcendence during psilocybin sessions may help individuals
reframe their relationship with their illness and find acceptance or new
perspectives.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Integration
and therapeutic support: Psilocybin sessions are typically conducted within a
therapeutic context, where trained professionals provide guidance and support.
This therapeutic support, along with post-session integration, can help
individuals process and integrate their experiences, facilitating emotional
healing, and personal growth.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>How psilocybin reduction existential distress in
Alzheimer's patients?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The potential reduction of existential distress in
Alzheimer's patients through the use of psilocybin is a topic of ongoing
research. While studies specifically targeting Alzheimer's patients are
limited, there is evidence to suggest that psilocybin-assisted therapy may have
a positive impact on existential distress. Here are a few potential mechanisms:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Altered
perception and perspective: Psilocybin can induce altered states of consciousness,
including experiences of unity, interconnectedness, and a dissolution of the
ego. These experiences may allow individuals to temporarily transcend their
sense of self and gain a broader perspective on their existence, including
their illness. This altered perception and expanded consciousness can
potentially help individuals with Alzheimer's reframe their relationship with
their condition and find new ways of understanding and relating to it.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Emotional
processing and acceptance: Psilocybin-assisted therapy provides a therapeutic
environment for individuals to explore and process their emotions, fears, and
thoughts related to their illness and mortality. By facilitating deep emotional
processing, psilocybin may help individuals confront and come to terms with
existential distress and fears associated with Alzheimer's, leading to greater
acceptance and emotional well-being.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Increased
connectedness and meaning-making: Psilocybin experiences often involve a sense
of connectedness with oneself, others, nature, or a broader sense of
spirituality or transcendence. These experiences can foster a sense of meaning,
purpose, and connectedness, which may counterbalance existential distress and
provide individuals with a renewed sense of identity and purpose.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Therapeutic
support and integration: The integration of psilocybin experiences within a
therapeutic context is crucial. Trained professionals provide guidance and
support throughout the process, helping individuals make sense of their
experiences and integrate them into their daily lives. This integration process
can help individuals find meaning and derive benefits from their psilocybin
experiences, leading to a reduction in existential distress.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiCDDd3zRsTP-RxWxywz2v7Q9CPeAYZv_YALTPl2Apd9liRGt8zy1Vrf0uDpQ8bz1Psjo5kGW1Rcgacg9UYea4_YAERx2YL0GWwsn3y-teAi-Z6fk4I0-ouzdytEJkfULXnf1vIdERBag8ZGj75ccjL8kwZ95xPahtM0GneIIkfPZZdtLaY5KXsvQ/s1920/Photo1coupleWoods.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="1920" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiCDDd3zRsTP-RxWxywz2v7Q9CPeAYZv_YALTPl2Apd9liRGt8zy1Vrf0uDpQ8bz1Psjo5kGW1Rcgacg9UYea4_YAERx2YL0GWwsn3y-teAi-Z6fk4I0-ouzdytEJkfULXnf1vIdERBag8ZGj75ccjL8kwZ95xPahtM0GneIIkfPZZdtLaY5KXsvQ/w400-h266/Photo1coupleWoods.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Protocols and Warning<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It is important to note that the research in this area is
still in its early stages, and more rigorous clinical trials specifically
focused on Alzheimer's patients are needed. The use of psilocybin or any
psychedelic substance should only be conducted under the guidance of trained
professionals in a controlled and regulated setting. Safety, dosage, and
potential interactions with other medications need to be carefully considered.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Specific protocols for using psilocybin with Alzheimer's
patients are still being developed, and the research in this area is limited.
However, based on the available research and general guidelines for
psilocybin-assisted therapy, here are some considerations for a potential
protocol:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Qualified
professionals: The use of psilocybin should be conducted under the supervision
of qualified healthcare professionals experienced in psychedelic-assisted
therapy. They should have expertise in working with Alzheimer's patients and
addressing the unique needs and challenges associated with the condition.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Comprehensive
screening: Thorough screening is essential to ensure the safety and suitability
of Alzheimer's patients for psilocybin therapy. This includes evaluating medical
history, mental health conditions, medication interactions, and any potential
risks associated with the individual's health status.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Therapeutic
setting: Psilocybin sessions should take place in a safe and supportive
environment, specifically designed to create a comfortable and calming
atmosphere. The setting should be conducive to relaxation, with appropriate
music, lighting, and comfortable seating or lying down options.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Dosage:
The appropriate dosage of psilocybin for Alzheimer's patients is not yet
established. Individualized dosing based on factors such as age, health status,
and previous experiences with psychedelics may be necessary. Starting with
lower doses and gradually increasing as tolerated is generally advisable to
assess individual sensitivity and response.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Preparation
and integration: Adequate preparation before the session and integration
afterward are crucial components of the therapeutic process. Pre-session
preparation may involve providing information about the experience, addressing
any concerns, and setting intentions for the session. Post-session integration
involves supporting individuals in making sense of their experiences, exploring
insights gained, and integrating them into their daily lives.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Therapeutic
support: Skilled therapists should be present throughout the session to provide
guidance, support, and help individuals navigate the psilocybin experience.
They should be trained in trauma-informed care, providing a safe and
non-judgmental space for individuals to explore their emotions and experiences.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Follow-up
and long-term support: Continued support and follow-up after the psilocybin
session are essential. This may involve integrating insights into daily life,
addressing emotional challenges, and providing resources for ongoing support or
therapy.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It is crucial to note that these guidelines are based on
general principles of psychedelic-assisted therapy and may not specifically
address all the unique considerations associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Individuals interested in exploring psilocybin therapy for Alzheimer's should
consult with healthcare professionals experienced in this area to develop an
appropriate and tailored protocol that prioritizes safety and the individual's
specific needs.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Research<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Research on the use of psilocybin for Alzheimer's
patients is still limited, but there is growing interest in exploring its
potential benefits. Here are a few notable studies and research efforts in this
area:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The
Eleusis Study: The Eleusis Study, led by researchers from Imperial College
London and sponsored by the nonprofit organization Eleusis Benefit Corporation,
aims to investigate the safety and potential therapeutic effects of psilocybin
in Alzheimer's disease. The study intends to assess the impact of psilocybin on
cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms, as well as functional connectivity in
the brain.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Compass
Pathways: Compass Pathways, a mental health care company, is conducting
research on psilocybin therapy for various mental health conditions, including
treatment-resistant depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). While
not specifically focused on Alzheimer's, their work may contribute to
understanding the potential therapeutic applications of psilocybin in different
contexts, including neurodegenerative diseases.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Case
studies and anecdotal evidence: Some individual case studies and anecdotal
reports have described positive outcomes and anecdotal evidence suggesting
potential benefits of psilocybin for Alzheimer's patients. However, it is
important to recognize that these accounts do not provide scientific evidence
and need to be substantiated through rigorous clinical research.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Preclinical
studies: Some preclinical studies using animal models have explored the effects
of psilocybin or related compounds on cognitive function, neuroplasticity, and
neuroinflammation, which are relevant to Alzheimer's disease. These studies
provide insights into potential mechanisms of action and inform further
research in human subjects.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Additional Information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00034/full">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnsyn.2020.00034/full</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://pennmemorycenter.org/psychedelics-dementia/">https://pennmemorycenter.org/psychedelics-dementia/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://psychedelicspotlight.com/can-psychedelics-treat-alzheimers-disease/">https://psychedelicspotlight.com/can-psychedelics-treat-alzheimers-disease/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.beingpatient.com/could-psychedelics-help-treat-alzheimers/">https://www.beingpatient.com/could-psychedelics-help-treat-alzheimers/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.eleusiniaretreat.com/psilocybin-for-alzheimers/">https://www.eleusiniaretreat.com/psilocybin-for-alzheimers/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-46222690099297966822023-05-16T23:59:00.003-07:002023-05-16T23:59:35.360-07:009 Recommendations to Caregivers dealing with Anxiety in Alzheimer’s Patients<p></p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Anxiety is a common symptom experienced by Alzheimer's
patients. It is a normal human reaction to stress or uncertainty, but for
Alzheimer’s patients, it can be more intense and frequent. Addressing anxiety
in Alzheimer's patients is essential to ensure quality of life and prevent
deterioration of cognitive abilities. In this essay, we will explore the
various strategies for dealing with anxiety in Alzheimer's patients and their
effectiveness.<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgek-p01e9_UbDpe4R621yzcE4KnwTuJPEUzIfFV07H5QOlpCNvO-es0wY3pHsL15gDxPYNvPkL97jkyxSB_5PfZRYW3QFrKu1NOQtthOG2_4PKAld2L7uEmxNFj32XKuYHNo6wy_h4vrTsiOTyhRnNMil7gyN6bvLOjxvTi7ehmqaiSyH5W9iG7dc/s800/download.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="450" data-original-width="800" height="225" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgek-p01e9_UbDpe4R621yzcE4KnwTuJPEUzIfFV07H5QOlpCNvO-es0wY3pHsL15gDxPYNvPkL97jkyxSB_5PfZRYW3QFrKu1NOQtthOG2_4PKAld2L7uEmxNFj32XKuYHNo6wy_h4vrTsiOTyhRnNMil7gyN6bvLOjxvTi7ehmqaiSyH5W9iG7dc/w400-h225/download.jpeg" width="400" /></a></div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Here are some practical recommendations on how to help an
individual with Alzheimer's disease who is experiencing anxiety, here are some
suggestions:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->The first step in managing anxiety in
Alzheimer's patients is to understand its causes. Anxiety can be triggered by a
variety of factors, including confusion, fear, and loss of control. It can also
be a side effect of medication or related to underlying medical conditions such
as depression or dementia-related illnesses. Understanding the underlying
causes of anxiety can help caregivers and healthcare professionals develop
effective strategies for managing it.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->One of the most effective strategies for
managing anxiety in Alzheimer's patients is to create a calm and comfortable
living environment. This can be achieved by making small changes to the
patient's surroundings, such as minimizing noise, clutter and ensuring that
they are well-rested. Changing the environment can also include creating
calming spaces such as nature gardens or music rooms. This strategy can be
especially effective when the patient is transitioning from home or out of the
hospital.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Another way of managing anxiety in Alzheimer’s
patients is through communication. Caregivers and healthcare professionals
should communicate with their patients in a way that is clear and easy to
understand. They should also be patient and listen attentively to the patients’
concerns and fears. Communication should be a two-way process, and the patient
should be encouraged to express their thoughts and emotions freely. Encouraging
them to communicate with other patients can also help reduce anxiety and
feelings of isolation. Use a calm and reassuring tone of voice when communicating.
Offer verbal reassurances and physical gestures of comfort, such as gentle
touch or a hug. Validate their feelings and provide emotional support. Practice
validation and active listening. Be present and attentive when the person
expresses their concerns or emotions. Avoid arguing or trying to reason with
them if they are agitated or anxious. Instead, acknowledge their feelings,
validate their experiences, and provide comfort.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->In some cases, using clever distraction
techniques, based on the patient personality, might be quite effective. If the
person is experiencing heightened anxiety, redirect their attention to
something positive or engaging. This can include engaging in a favorite
activity, looking at photo albums, or watching a favorite movie or TV show.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->To help the Alzheimer’s patient with
overwhelming anxiety, it is recommended to simplify functional tasks. Break
down tasks into smaller, manageable steps to avoid overwhelming the individual.
Provide clear and simple instructions, one step at a time. Offer assistance and
encouragement as needed.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Alzheimer’s patients are more prone to anxiety
when they are away from their familiar routines or environments. Thus, it is
important to establish a daily routine for the patient. Routines are comforting
and can help alleviate anxiety in the patient. Caregivers and healthcare
professionals should also ensure that the daily routine is posted in a place
that is easily visible and accessible to the patient.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Physical activities such as exercise can have a
positive impact on anxiety levels of Alzheimer’s patients. Exercise can help
regulate mood, improve physical performance, and increase overall wellbeing.
Incorporating physical activity routines such as simple stretching, dancing, or
walking can go a long way in reducing anxiety levels in the patient.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Medication can also be used to manage anxiety in
Alzheimer's patients. Drugs such as antidepressants or sedatives have been
effective in reducing anxiety levels of patients. However, caregivers and
healthcare professionals should be cautious when using medication to manage
anxiety in patients. Medicines should be prescribed only when necessary, and
the patient's medical history should be evaluated to determine if there are any
risk factors for adverse side effects.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">9.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Relaxation techniques such as mindfulness, deep
breathing or meditation can be used to reduce anxiety levels in Alzheimer's
patients. These techniques can be used in combination with other management strategies
to create a more comprehensive plan for addressing anxiety in the patient.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Remember, each individual with Alzheimer's is unique, and
what works for one person may not work for another. It's essential to observe
and understand their specific needs and preferences and tailor your approach
accordingly.<o:p></o:p></p><br /><p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-77103920147003192022023-05-07T21:11:00.001-07:002023-05-07T21:11:13.548-07:00AmuseIT - brain stimulation mobile app<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">AmuseIT is a user-friendly app that stimulates the brain
and promotes conversation among dementia patients, their caregivers, and their
loved ones. This app is designed to help dementia patients engage through over
a thousand simple quiz questions and visual components. Questions and images
serve as effective communication strategies to tap into past memories and spark
conversations. Customization options are also available to accommodate shaky
hands, cognitive levels, and more. The iOS app is only available to download on
the iPad, as it is designed and recommended only for tablet use.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Availability: iOS and Android<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">App cost: $4.99 on iOS or $3.49 on Android<o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH6GFGyk9gLWwWD43A_OG5EVAPYGzZZnf9PE0bukOtLFDuCQRhmR-skzlRR3D55KA7htVk88VT0SxyCCiSmE-8t5swNPW2yXn5bt7tJw6tC29ujZY-tcuZ_swRZpWvpyHjwJhPTZ_ORgkzxbQYZjA1-7L_EWT4apGQrxaGae4kBLETmjTy2SqpoSs/s500/21.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="333" data-original-width="500" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhH6GFGyk9gLWwWD43A_OG5EVAPYGzZZnf9PE0bukOtLFDuCQRhmR-skzlRR3D55KA7htVk88VT0SxyCCiSmE-8t5swNPW2yXn5bt7tJw6tC29ujZY-tcuZ_swRZpWvpyHjwJhPTZ_ORgkzxbQYZjA1-7L_EWT4apGQrxaGae4kBLETmjTy2SqpoSs/w400-h266/21.jpeg" width="400" /></a></div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>How does it work?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Put the AmuseIT app, running on an iPad/tablet, into the
hands of the person with dementia. Allow them to make the decision regarding
what topic they would like to look at. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Choose a quiz category and sub category by tapping the
pictures. There is a wide selection of topics to match all interest. You might
be surprised where you discover hidden knowledge.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">AmuseIT runs offline, it can’t be resized and the screen
doesn’t rotate, allowing a person with dementia to intuitively use AmuseIt
without unexpected changes in how the images are displayed.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Focus on enjoyment, rather than achievement<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Use the questions and image as a conversation starter.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The question level is set automatically for each quiz.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The questions and images tap into memories of the past.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Customize AmuseIT settings to suit the individual user:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Shaky hands? Turn the “Single tap answer” off.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Reduce the number of questions, to allow for
variations in attention spans.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Slideshow mode or selecting the “Next question”
suits different users.</p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQNnoIJEtsK_YDm16c0962kyEKsnsonNwFt9LUVDIUOIibm-KdGUzLWnL6PvxZudRh3xvTGGadqmMCDnYBmj4Si9euYEunYjpxS_4Fl8ghRR6bE2pqMrJCai2M0jEO1cpCWbTG0YaSSNo1KcAJmAs2TZAUc45qCbewpIL951xDMnRC_r5l1bfQ8dI/s509/22.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="509" data-original-width="384" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiQNnoIJEtsK_YDm16c0962kyEKsnsonNwFt9LUVDIUOIibm-KdGUzLWnL6PvxZudRh3xvTGGadqmMCDnYBmj4Si9euYEunYjpxS_4Fl8ghRR6bE2pqMrJCai2M0jEO1cpCWbTG0YaSSNo1KcAJmAs2TZAUc45qCbewpIL951xDMnRC_r5l1bfQ8dI/w301-h400/22.jpg" width="301" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Website: <a href="http://www.amuseit.nz/">http://www.amuseit.nz/</a><o:p></o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-27009458058855395292023-04-29T16:06:00.001-07:002023-04-29T16:06:12.024-07:008 Benefits of Swimming for Alzheimer’s Patients and their Caregivers<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Swimming is an excellent form of exercise for aging
adults. Swimming boosts a slow, sluggish metabolism, facilitates good
digestion, and gets the blood flowing. It engages and challenges every muscle
in the body, improves coordination, and builds respiratory endurance. It also
offers an entirely non-impact workout that's perfect for those with sore
muscles and joints, or brittle, easily injured bones. However, if your loved
one has recently been diagnosed with Alzheimer's or has already been battling
this disease for some time, swimming provides an important and surprising range
of additional benefits impacting memory, cognition, and social engagement among
other things. <o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_xx_DHuOvvllr4YabGhTYj9K6ArXmQrT6A6ajntSk1dpL853XWar3jBEHJDQc3Ln2RkS6PfomYyMpvnXPf_zHov-bGyUEKUvuHuZDpJ5ozgGWNzG_YZcBZHPbKteSr9YbzIxgAWiA2E1YN1rnEPNRlbh-A33ivVENMuhJ-FW1SBFqqXc8sjjKt9g/s768/31.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="220" data-original-width="768" height="115" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_xx_DHuOvvllr4YabGhTYj9K6ArXmQrT6A6ajntSk1dpL853XWar3jBEHJDQc3Ln2RkS6PfomYyMpvnXPf_zHov-bGyUEKUvuHuZDpJ5ozgGWNzG_YZcBZHPbKteSr9YbzIxgAWiA2E1YN1rnEPNRlbh-A33ivVENMuhJ-FW1SBFqqXc8sjjKt9g/w400-h115/31.png" width="400" /></a></div>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b>Cold Water Swimming May Slow the
Progression of Dementia<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Researchers at Cambridge University recently discovered a
link between cold water swimming and a reduced risk of dementia.
They noted that swimming in cold water caused a process known as recreational
hypothermia in which "cold shock" neuro-protective proteins are
produced and released. While these same proteins are naturally found in the
brains of healthy individuals, they are noticeably absent in AD patients and in
people with other forms of dementia or other progressive, neurological
diseases. Although studies on the benefits of cold-water therapy for
Alzheimer's patients are still in their formative stages, the current
results seem very promising. While there are no guarantees that a few trips to
the pool will extend your loved one's healthy years or allow for longer moments
of lucidity, it's definitely worth keeping in mind when deciding whether or not
to visit the pool. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b>Swimming Can Be an Enjoyable Part of
Senior's Established Routine<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Swimming is a great way to establish a regular, reliable
routine that fosters a sense of stability and helps aging adults feel good
about themselves. Group swimming classes are an excellent opportunity for aging
adults to socialize. Establishing social connections with fellow swimmers
can boost memory. When paired with the stimulating benefits of physical
exercise, seniors with dementia can recognize noticeable improvements in their
overall cognition.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b>Seniors With Dementia Can Enjoy Deep and
Restful Sleep<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Swimming has long been valued for its ability to promote
deep and restful sleep. If your loved one struggles with insomnia or other
sleep troubles, swimming could be the key to relief. As a high-cardio,
non-impact activity, it won't cause any joint stress or severe muscle
pain, even as it provides substantial body exercise. One of the benefits of
swimming is also alleviating stress and anxiety which are both frequently
responsible for keeping dementia patients up at night. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b>Stimulate a Sluggish Appetite<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">People with Alzheimer's can sometimes lose interest
in food. With swimming, the combination of low body temperature and calorie
burning stimulates a hearty appetite. Swimmers generally eat well, sleep
well, and have fewer digestive problems overall. <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b>Provide exercise for joints and muscles<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Swimming provides a low-impact, non-weight-bearing form
of exercise that is easy on the joints and muscles. This can be especially
important for older adults who may have arthritis or other health conditions
that make other forms of exercise more difficult.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b>Reducing inflammation and oxidative
damage<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Swimming may also be beneficial for the brain by reducing
inflammation and oxidative damage, both of which have been linked to cognitive
decline in Alzheimer's. Research has shown that swimming can help to reduce
levels of inflammatory markers and increase levels of antioxidants in the body,
which can help to protect the brain from damage and promote healthy brain
function.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b>Sense of control and independence<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Swimming may also be beneficial for individuals with
Alzheimer's by providing a sense of control and independence. For many
individuals with neurodegenerative disorders, loss of independence and control
can be a significant source of stress and anxiety. Swimming can be a empowering
activity that allows individuals to take control of their bodies and engage in
physical activity on their own terms, which can help to boost self-esteem and
promote positive mental health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">8.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b>Designated swim times give caregivers a
break <o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Caring for a person experiencing advanced memory loss can
be overwhelming. Even for professional caregivers. Care centers have seen an
increase in employee morale and retention with an increased number of classes
and activities for residents. Social events give patients and the people caring
for them a chance to relax and be with people much like themselves.</p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtpgjAncOiO1ftUuKH8t8iZRCukd5gHOn3V1MhOFs_RHCuNZjQ-iL3iU0io5jjJM79FmsfV_qTGtM6ofhpYGuyycGhGU_sKW_vqNfJ3mwHaGwXGBztKukoDv6NsuX4yAnQTOlKfneicQjdPgi75vS6i6Xf5ydBVDsSD2gzZFwvz-X3LfMM365QRKg/s482/32.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="316" data-original-width="482" height="263" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtpgjAncOiO1ftUuKH8t8iZRCukd5gHOn3V1MhOFs_RHCuNZjQ-iL3iU0io5jjJM79FmsfV_qTGtM6ofhpYGuyycGhGU_sKW_vqNfJ3mwHaGwXGBztKukoDv6NsuX4yAnQTOlKfneicQjdPgi75vS6i6Xf5ydBVDsSD2gzZFwvz-X3LfMM365QRKg/w400-h263/32.JPG" width="400" /></a></div><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>A 2018 study by researchers at the University of
Nottingham and the Institute of Mental Health in the UK found that swimming
sessions were beneficial to people with dementia and their caregivers.<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Tom Dening, a professor of dementia research, said the
"study suggests there is huge potential for these specially organized
swimming sessions to improve the quality of life of people with dementia and
their caregivers. Swimming, in particular, can improve fitness with less strain
on joints compared to land-based exercise. Swimming sessions reduced the sense
of responsibility felt by caregivers, providing them with their own support
network and the opportunity to have a break from caring, in the company of
others in similar circumstances. The swimming itself was enjoyable for everyone
and provided people with dementia the chance to exercise as well as giving them
confidence and empowering them."<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Sources and Additional Information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.seniorhelpers.com/va/richmond-west/resources/blogs/5-benefits-of-swimming-for-seniors-who-need-alzheimers-care-richmond/">https://www.seniorhelpers.com/va/richmond-west/resources/blogs/5-benefits-of-swimming-for-seniors-who-need-alzheimers-care-richmond/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.seasonsalf.com/swimming-for-dementia-how-swimming-can-help-dementia-patients/">https://www.seasonsalf.com/swimming-for-dementia-how-swimming-can-help-dementia-patients/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.bbc.com/news/health-54531075">https://www.bbc.com/news/health-54531075</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.beingpatient.com/swimming-brain-health/">https://www.beingpatient.com/swimming-brain-health/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/entertainment_life/health_fitness/alzheimers-q-a-is-aquatic-therapy-beneficial-for-those-with-alzheimer-s-or-dementia/article_eb1f215a-df04-11e9-a8c4-37490cbc7bcc.html">https://www.theadvocate.com/baton_rouge/entertainment_life/health_fitness/alzheimers-q-a-is-aquatic-therapy-beneficial-for-those-with-alzheimer-s-or-dementia/article_eb1f215a-df04-11e9-a8c4-37490cbc7bcc.html</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><o:p> </o:p></i></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-663155665960844422023-04-22T01:17:00.000-07:002023-04-22T01:17:06.289-07:00How may Ketamine help Alzheimer's patient?<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive brain disorder that
affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common cause of
dementia, a general term for a decline in cognitive function severe enough to
interfere with daily life. Symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease typically develop
slowly and worsen over time, eventually leading to the inability to
communicate, perform daily activities, or care for oneself. The exact cause of
Alzheimer’s disease is not fully understood, but it is believed to be a
combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Age is the
greatest risk factor for the disease, but it is not a normal part of aging.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">There is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, but there are
medications and therapies that can help slow the progression of symptoms and
improve quality of life for people living with the disease. These include
cholinesterase inhibitors, which help to increase levels of a chemical called
acetylcholine, which is important for memory and thinking, and memantine which
is a NMDA receptor antagonist, used to moderate the excitotoxicity caused by
the abnormal functioning of the NMDA receptor in the brain of Alzheimer’s
patients.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA6lbkEKXuQQtIcGTuqUvgAQ6TYQv3pNvrvuPNKDOqU31sZYccQghhAYh75xLoDsHDhcn8IISecggmJoH2_MBVE3oFGeR6UHcwjqHKCqA_lcGhDAek8MmbmVL7DLR3rlhjnUrpbO0eiYiAWAfg4gg4vNMlbeyrUYGlR9pATgQCvEg8oTQFQiRXJZM/s1080/memories-1080x675.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="675" data-original-width="1080" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjA6lbkEKXuQQtIcGTuqUvgAQ6TYQv3pNvrvuPNKDOqU31sZYccQghhAYh75xLoDsHDhcn8IISecggmJoH2_MBVE3oFGeR6UHcwjqHKCqA_lcGhDAek8MmbmVL7DLR3rlhjnUrpbO0eiYiAWAfg4gg4vNMlbeyrUYGlR9pATgQCvEg8oTQFQiRXJZM/w400-h250/memories-1080x675.jpeg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>How may Ketamine Help?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Ketamine is a drug that has been known to treat various
illnesses such as depression, pain, and anxiety. However, studies have shown
that it also has potential in treating Alzheimer's, a neurodegenerative disease
that affects the memory and thinking abilities of individuals. In this essay, I
will discuss how ketamine can help Alzheimer's patients.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The main symptom of Alzheimer's is the accumulation of a
protein called beta-amyloid. As this protein accumulates, it causes damage to
the brain cells resulting in memory loss and difficulty in thinking.
Researchers have found that ketamine blocks the production of beta-amyloid,
preventing the accumulation of the protein in the brain. By reducing the
buildup of beta-amyloid, ketamine can slow down the progression of Alzheimer's.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Secondly, ketamine has been found to improve cognitive
function in Alzheimer's patients. In a study conducted by the American
Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, patients who received ketamine showed an
improvement in their cognitive abilities. Specifically, their speed of processing
and attention span were enhanced. This suggests that ketamine can be used to
improve the cognitive function of Alzheimer's patients, allowing them to
continue to function independently for longer periods.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Thirdly, ketamine has been found to reduce inflammation
in the brain, which is also associated with Alzheimer's. Inflammation in the
brain can cause further damage to brain cells, leading to the progression of
the disease. Studies have shown that ketamine reduces inflammation in the
brain, hence slowing down the progression of the disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Fourthly, ketamine has been found to improve mood and
reduce anxiety in Alzheimer's patients. Alzheimer's patients often experience
depression and anxiety due to the degeneration of their brain cells. Ketamine
has been found to have an antidepressant effect, reducing depression and
anxiety in patients. This will improve the quality of life of Alzheimer's
patients, who often have limited access to effective treatments for depression
and anxiety.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Lastly, ketamine has been found to help in the formation
of new neurons in the brain. Alzheimer's patients often have a reduced number
of brain cells due to the degeneration of cells. Ketamine has been found to
stimulate the growth of new cells in the hippocampus, a brain region that is
essential in forming new memories. This means that ketamine has the potential
to help Alzheimer's patients recover their lost memory abilities.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Dosage<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">One of the most important factors to consider when using
ketamine on Alzheimer's patients is dosage. Dosage of ketamine is critical to
its efficacy and safety. Typically, a low dose of ketamine from 0.1 to 0.5
mg/kg has shown to produce positive results in Alzheimer's patients in studies.
The dosage should be adjusted based on the patient's response to the drug and
medical history. The maximum dose of ketamine should not exceed 2mg/kg, as
higher doses can lead to adverse side effects such as hallucinations, sedation,
and cardiac problems.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Several studies have reported that ketamine can improve
cognitive function and decrease behavioral and psychological symptoms in
Alzheimer's patients. However, the efficacy of ketamine in Alzheimer's
treatment remains unclear, and more research is needed to establish its
benefits fully. Furthermore, the long-term effects of ketamine use on
Alzheimer's patients remain unclear, and more studies are necessary.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">One of the significant concerns when using ketamine for
Alzheimer's patients is its potential for abuse. Ketamine is a powerful drug
that is often used recreationally, and care should be taken to avoid its
misuse. It is essential to administer the drug under the guidance of a
qualified medical practitioner to prevent potential abuse.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Side Effects of Ketamine<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Low dose administration of ketamine appears to be safe
and might be tried as a procognitive therapy in Alzheimer patients instead of
memantine. However, the risk/benefit considerations for treating Alzheimer
patients chronically are quite different than for preventing suicide acutely in
severely depressed patients. One needs to be convinced that the risk of side
effects is truly minimal. In the context of depression, research continues
actively on the best doses, duration, and methods of administration of
ketamine, and there are several promising leads to avoid side effects,
suggesting that ketamine metabolites may provide a safer means for treating
depressed patients—and by implication, a safer venue for testing procognitive
effects in Alzheimer patients.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Sources and Additional Information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00186/full">https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2019.00186/full</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/21147">https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/21147</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://tahoeketamine.com/ketamine-and-alzheimers-disease/">https://tahoeketamine.com/ketamine-and-alzheimers-disease/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://getheally.com/patients/news/can-ketamine-benefit-alzheimer">https://getheally.com/patients/news/can-ketamine-benefit-alzheimer</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-29287878150245057102023-04-16T05:27:00.004-07:002023-04-16T05:27:20.643-07:00Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease – Non-Alzheimer’s Dementia<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing">Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is the most common human
form of a group of rare, fatal brain disorders known as prion diseases.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>About Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease <o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Prion diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, occur
when prion protein, which is found throughout the body but whose normal
function isn't yet known, begins folding into an abnormal three-dimensional
shape. This shape change gradually triggers prion protein in the brain to fold
into the same abnormal shape.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease causes a type of dementia that
gets worse unusually fast. More common causes of dementia, such as Alzheimer's,
dementia with Lewy bodies and frontotemporal dementia, typically progress more
slowly.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Through a process scientists don't yet understand,
misfolded prion protein destroys brain cells. Resulting damage leads to rapid
decline in thinking and reasoning as well as involuntary muscle movements,
confusion, difficulty walking and mood changes.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is rare, occurring in about one
in 1 million people annually worldwide. The disease most often affects older
adults.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUQJgtjkU6AAdziLIvNJmV0pSyXyCBiwj-r0PYDx6C_VJgtMeSuwqclADQTRFVuJGJhbm0YFlEyqUugwNUi7rafeJ8cY4gImbK90xEjRiu22K1nXAmxVFGR6EglJDXTgtF-ek_pAGZlkXo6IC1zrCg6Ef3OjJnyiMkgv9JK_CQGgeoEiNtREfP2rU/s400/33333333333.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="320" data-original-width="400" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUQJgtjkU6AAdziLIvNJmV0pSyXyCBiwj-r0PYDx6C_VJgtMeSuwqclADQTRFVuJGJhbm0YFlEyqUugwNUi7rafeJ8cY4gImbK90xEjRiu22K1nXAmxVFGR6EglJDXTgtF-ek_pAGZlkXo6IC1zrCg6Ef3OjJnyiMkgv9JK_CQGgeoEiNtREfP2rU/w400-h320/33333333333.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Types of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Experts generally recognize the following main types of
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease: <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i>Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease</i> develops
spontaneously for no known reason. It accounts for 85 percent of cases. On
average, sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease first appears between ages 60 and
65.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i>Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease</i> is
caused by certain changes in the chromosome 20 gene coding the biological
blueprint for prion protein. People who develop familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob
disease do so because they inherited the genetic changes from a parent.
Familial Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease accounts for about 10 to 15 percent of
cases. It develops, on average, at a younger age than sporadic
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, with some genetic types appearing as early as ages
20 to 40.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i>Acquired Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease</i> results
from exposure to an external source of abnormal prion protein. These sources
are estimated to account for about 1 percent of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
cases. The two most common outside sources are:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Medical procedures involving instruments used in
neurosurgery, growth hormone from human sources or certain transplanted human
tissues, including corneas (the clear outer covering of the eye) and dura mater
(the fibrous membrane covering the brain and spinal cord). This type of
acquired CJD is also known as iatrogenic CJD (iCJD). The risk of iCJD from
medical procedures has been greatly reduced by improved neurosurgical
instruments sterilization techniques, new single-use instruments and synthetic
sources of growth hormone and dura mater.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: 1.0in; mso-list: l4 level2 lfo1; tab-stops: list 1.0in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Meat or other products from cattle infected with
bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BVE) or "mad cow disease,"
recognized in the mid-1990s as the cause of variant CJD (vCJD). Scientists
traced this new type of CJD to consumption of beef from cattle whose feed
included processed brain tissue from other animals. Since then, experts have
diagnosed about 200 cases of vCJD, primarily in the United Kingdom and other
European countries. Variant CJD tends to occur at a younger age than sporadic
or familial forms, sometimes even in teenagers. New cases of vCJD have slowed
significantly, most likely due to changes in animal feeding practices.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Symptoms<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Specific Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease symptoms experienced
by an individual and the order in which they appear can differ significantly.
Some common symptoms include:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Depression.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Agitation, apathy and mood swings.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Rapidly worsening confusion.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Disorientation.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Problems with memory, thinking, planning and
judgment.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Difficulty walking.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Muscle stiffness, twitches and involuntary jerky
movements.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Vision problems, such as double vision and
hallucinations<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Complications<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease has serious effects on the
brain and body. The disease usually progresses quickly. Over time, people with
CJD withdraw from friends and family. They also lose the ability to care for
themselves. Many slip into a coma. The disease is always fatal.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><a name="diagnosis"></a><b>Diagnosis<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Rapid symptom progression is one of the most important
clues that a person may have Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.<br />
There is no single test — or any combination of tests — that can conclusively
diagnose sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in a living person, but the
following tests may help determine whether an individual has Creutzfeldt-Jakob
disease:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Electroencephalogram (EEG) measures the brain's
patterns of electrical activity similar to the way an electrocardiogram (ECG)
measures the heart's electrical activity.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can
detect certain brain changes consistent with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) tests spinal fluid
for the presence of certain proteins.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Protein misfolding cyclic amplification (PMCA):
PMCA is an amplification<br />
technique for the detection of misfolded protein aggregates.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Causes and risks<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Sporadic CJD has no known cause. Most scientists believe
the disease begins when prion protein somewhere in the brain spontaneously
misfolds, triggering a "domino effect" that misfolds prion protein
throughout the brain. Genetic variation in the prion protein gene at a location
called "codon 129" may increase risk of this spontaneous misfolding.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Variation at codon 129 in the prion protein gene may also
play a role in making people susceptible to acquired CJD from external sources.
Scientists don’t yet know why acquired CJD seems to be transmitted through such
a limited number of external sources. Researchers have found no evidence that
the abnormal protein is commonly transmitted through sexual activity or blood
transfusions, although a few cases of vCJD seem to have been spread through
blood transfusions. Professionals who regularly encounter blood from a human or
animal, such as surgeons, pathologists or butchers, have not been shown to have
a higher-than-normal risk through occupational exposure.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Familial CJD is caused by variations in the prion protein
gene that increase the likelihood an individual will develop CJD. Researchers
have identified more than 50 prion protein mutations in those with inherited
CJD. Genetic testing can determine whether family members at risk have
inherited a CJD-causing mutation. Experts strongly recommend professional
genetic counseling both before and after genetic testing for hereditary CJD.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Age has an influence on sporadic CJD, which tends to
develop later in life, usually around age 60. Onset of familial CJD occurs
slightly earlier and vCJD has affected people at a much younger age, usually in
their late 20s.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Chronic wasting disease is a prion disease similar to mad
cow disease that’s been found in wild deer, elk and moose in certain U.S.
states, Canadian provinces, Korea and Norway. According to the U.S. Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), there’s no evidence to date that chronic
wasting disease has been transmitted to humans, including hunters who eat meat
from affected animals. There’s also no evidence that rates of CJD have
increased in states or provinces where chronic wasting disease has been
identified. Additional studies are under way to understand what risk, if any,
chronic wasting disease poses to humans. The CDC recommends that hunters who
plan to eat meat from deer, elk or moose in areas where chronic wasting disease
occurs consider having the meat tested by their local state wildlife agency.
The CDC also recommends wearing gloves while field dressing these animals to
avoid handling the brain or spinal column.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Treatment and outcomes<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">There is no treatment that can slow or stop the
underlying brain cell destruction caused by Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other
prion diseases. Various drugs have been tested but have not shown any benefit.
Clinical studies of potential Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease treatments are
complicated by the rarity of the disease and its rapid progression.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Current therapies focus on treating symptoms and on
supporting individuals and families coping with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
Doctors may prescribe painkillers such as opiates to treat pain if it occurs.
Muscle stiffness and twitching may be treated with muscle-relaxing medications
or antiseizure drugs. In the later stages of the disease, individuals with
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease become completely dependent on others for their daily
needs and comfort.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease progresses rapidly. Those
affected lose their ability to move or speak and require full-time care to meet
their daily needs. An estimated 90 percent of those diagnosed with sporadic
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease die within one year. Those affected by familial
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease tend to develop the disorder at an earlier age and
survive somewhat longer than those with the sporadic form, as do those
diagnosed with variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Scientists have not yet
learned the reason for these differences in survival.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">P<b>revention</b><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">There's no known way to prevent sporadic CJD. If you
have a family history of neurological disease, you may benefit from talking
with a genetics counselor. A counselor can help you sort through your risks.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><o:p> </o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Preventing Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease related to
medical procedures<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Hospitals and other medical institutions follow clear
policies to prevent CJD related to medical procedures, known as
iatrogenic CJD. These measures have included:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Using only human-made human growth hormone. This
is used instead of taking the hormone from human pituitary glands.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Destroying surgical instruments that may have
been exposed to CJD. This includes instruments used in procedures that
involve the brain or nervous tissue of someone with known or suspected
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Single-use kits for spinal taps, also known as
lumbar punctures.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">To help ensure the safety of the blood supply, people
with a risk of exposure to CJD or vCJD aren't eligible to
donate blood in the United States. This includes people who:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Have a blood relative who has been diagnosed
with familial CJD. Blood relatives include parents, aunts, uncles,
grandparents and cousins.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Have received a dura mater brain graft. Dura
mater is the tissue that covers the brain.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Have received human growth hormone from
cadavers.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The United Kingdom (U.K.) and certain other countries
also have specific restrictions regarding blood donations from people with a
risk of exposure to CJD or vCJD.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><o:p> </o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Preventing variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The risk of getting vCJD in the United States
remains very low. Only four cases have been reported in the U.S. According to
the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), strong evidence
suggests that these cases were acquired in other countries outside of the U.S.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">In the United Kingdom, where the majority
of vCJD cases have occurred, fewer than 200 cases have been
reported. CJD incidence peaked in the U.K. between 1999 and
2000 and has been declining since. A very small number of
other vCJD cases also have been reported in other countries
worldwide.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">To date, there is no evidence that people can develop
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease from consuming the meat of animals infected with
chronic wasting disease (CWD). However, the CDC recommends that
hunters strongly consider taking precautions. The CDC recommends
having deer and elk tested before eating the meat in areas
where CWD is known to be present. Hunters also should avoid shooting
or handling meat from deer or elk that appear sick or are found dead.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><o:p> </o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Regulating potential sources of variant
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Most countries have taken steps to prevent meat infected
with bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) from entering the food supply.
Steps include:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Tight restrictions on importing cattle from
countries where BSE is common.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Restrictions on animal feed.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Strict procedures for dealing with sick animals.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Surveillance and testing methods for tracking
cattle health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Restrictions on which parts of cattle can be
processed for food.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Latest Research<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Researchers are examining and characterizing the prions
associated with CJD and other human and animal prion diseases. A better
understanding of these diseases may help scientists discover factors that
influence prion infectivity and transmission, and how the disorder damages the
brain. Researchers are investigating the cellular mechanisms involved in
abnormal prion formation and accumulation, as well as their replication by
select cellular subsets in the brain. Other projects are examining how
abnormal prions cross the protective blood-brain barrier and spread throughout
the central nervous system, and tests that measure the biological activity of
prions. Findings may identify new therapeutic targets to treat prion
diseases.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Other NIH Institutes, including the National Institute of
Allergy and Infectious Diseases, also conduct research on CJD. More information
about CJD research supported by NINDS and other NIH Institutes and Centers can
be found using NIH RePORTER, a searchable database of current and past
research projects supported by NIH and other federal agencies. RePORTER also
includes links to publications and resources from these projects.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Sources and Additional Information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease">https://www.alz.org/alzheimers-dementia/what-is-dementia/types-of-dementia/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20371226">https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20371226</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease">https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-28961078089754263112023-04-09T22:13:00.000-07:002023-04-09T22:13:08.523-07:00IRIDIS – Creating Dementia-Friendly Environment<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal">IRIDIS is a user-friendly app that provides guidance on
creating a dementia-friendly environment. Developed by dementia
specialists from a world-class research university in Scotland, the app gives
tips and tricks to reorganize a home for dementia patients’ ultimate comfort
and safety. Advice includes tips on lighting adjustments, noise reduction,
color palettes, furnishings, and more.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">"IRIDIS" app, which is a mobile application
designed to assist individuals with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The IRIDIS app provides tools and features to help
individuals with Alzheimer's disease maintain their independence, improve their
communication, and enhance their well-being. The app includes features such as
reminders for medication and appointments, a daily activity planner, a GPS
tracking system, a photo album with voice labeling, and a communication tool
that allows users to send messages to their caregivers.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In addition to these features, the app also offers a
caregiver dashboard that enables family members or other caregivers to monitor
the user's activity and well-being, and to receive alerts if there are any
concerning changes in their behavior or health.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvT82USxUo_qWqoPE8ylqBkyKN5muQVZtjKUiiqamElBCTLWdGc4bgmPtIL3QL-ly4ClyoR6K9HsGsV9gHDKk79VakDl7VGwJX9GVxEhZcNUmKRkMvOC6Jk2MLHZuVclWbcZ9VOWr3NN_OxEqsl-ZSQelLWEwxSE12clyQTieS_HbM0MNDxKWA0-M/s710/111111111111.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="473" data-original-width="710" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgvT82USxUo_qWqoPE8ylqBkyKN5muQVZtjKUiiqamElBCTLWdGc4bgmPtIL3QL-ly4ClyoR6K9HsGsV9gHDKk79VakDl7VGwJX9GVxEhZcNUmKRkMvOC6Jk2MLHZuVclWbcZ9VOWr3NN_OxEqsl-ZSQelLWEwxSE12clyQTieS_HbM0MNDxKWA0-M/w400-h266/111111111111.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Advantages<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The IRIDIS app provides several advantages for individuals
with Alzheimer's disease and their caregivers. Here are some of the main
advantages:<o:p></o:p></p>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Improved
independence: The app can help individuals with Alzheimer's disease to
maintain their independence by providing tools and reminders that support
daily living activities.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Enhanced
communication: The photo album with voice labeling and communication tool
allows for easier communication between the user and their caregivers.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Caregiver
support: The app includes a caregiver dashboard that allows family members
or other caregivers to monitor the user's activity and well-being, which
can provide peace of mind and help them provide better care.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">GPS
tracking: The GPS tracking feature can be especially useful for
individuals who tend to wander, as it can help caregivers quickly locate
the user if they become lost.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l1 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;">Daily
activity planner: The app includes a daily activity planner that can help
users structure their day and provide a sense of routine, which can be
helpful for managing the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal">Overall, the IRIDIS app provides a range of tools and
features that can help individuals with Alzheimer's disease and their
caregivers manage the challenges associated with the condition and improve
their quality of life.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Costs<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">The IRIDIS app is currently available for free download on
the App Store and Google Play. However, there may be additional costs
associated with the use of certain features within the app.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">For example, the GPS tracking feature requires a
subscription, which costs approximately $5 per month or $50 per year.
Additionally, some of the features within the app may require the purchase of
additional hardware, such as a GPS device or a Bluetooth-enabled pill
dispenser.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Complaints<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">As with any app or product, there may be some complaints or
issues associated with the IRIDIS app. Here are some of the common complaints
or issues that users have reported:<o:p></o:p></p>
<ol start="1" style="margin-top: 0in;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;">Technical
issues: Some users have reported experiencing technical issues with the
app, such as bugs, crashes, or difficulty using certain features.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;">Limited
functionality: While the app provides a range of features to support
individuals with Alzheimer's disease, some users have reported that the
app's functionality is limited or not as comprehensive as they had hoped.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;">Cost
of subscription: As mentioned earlier, the GPS tracking feature requires a
subscription, which may be viewed as an additional cost by some users.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;">Compatibility
issues: The app may not be compatible with all devices or operating
systems, which can limit its usefulness for some users.<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;">Privacy
concerns: Some users may have concerns about the collection and storage of
their personal data within the app.<o:p></o:p></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Website:</b> <a href="https://www.stir.ac.uk/about/faculties/social-sciences/our-research/research-groups/cedar-centre-for-environment-dementia-and-ageing-research/iridis-dementia-app/">https://www.stir.ac.uk/about/faculties/social-sciences/our-research/research-groups/cedar-centre-for-environment-dementia-and-ageing-research/iridis-dementia-app/</a><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Platforms</b>: <a href="https://apps.apple.com/gb/app/iridis/id1273144428" target="_blank">iOS</a> and <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.SpaceAppliedTechnology.Iridis&hl=en_GB" target="_blank">Android</a><o:p></o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2258660577930382478.post-34197629341220598482023-04-05T22:36:00.001-07:002023-04-05T22:36:11.305-07:00Social Isolation as risk factor for Alzheimer’s<p> </p><p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Why Social isolation can be a risk factor?<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Social isolation can be a risk factor for Alzheimer's
disease for several reasons. First, social interaction and mental stimulation
are important for maintaining cognitive function and reducing the risk of
cognitive decline. When an individual is socially isolated, they may experience
a lack of mental stimulation and engagement, which can increase the risk of
cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Second, social isolation is often associated with
depression and chronic stress, which have been linked to an increased risk of
Alzheimer's disease. Chronic stress can lead to inflammation in the brain,
which has been shown to contribute to the development and progression of
Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Finally, social isolation can lead to a lack of support
and resources that are important for maintaining overall health and well-being.
For example, individuals who are socially isolated may have less access to
healthy food, medical care, and other resources that are important for
maintaining physical and mental health, which can increase the risk of
Alzheimer's disease.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Since social isolation is an important risk factor for
Alzheimer's disease it is important for individuals to maintain social
connections and engage in activities that promote mental stimulation and
overall well-being.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Based on one peer-reviewed study outcomes, the
researchers concluded that risk of developing dementia over nine years was 27%
higher among socially isolated older adults compared with older adults who were
not socially isolated.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p></o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2eNIKTKc0mw-qRYZNEn5PzvVn5U-fV1PuDKN9LA--IS4DEFzlEjEEYJ8qhoqr7hiX_UD3t140Fu9bcyBYo4MJNtwc7pryc04JLEsJMKwtLlTLdlHTovrt9mNKK5A9ZUYWTEQfKOMPUGIYvSE38Bjboav1sFPYLfM9Gkpn0Dt6hm8VhYylDJZBLGw/s1500/00000000000.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="608" data-original-width="1500" height="163" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2eNIKTKc0mw-qRYZNEn5PzvVn5U-fV1PuDKN9LA--IS4DEFzlEjEEYJ8qhoqr7hiX_UD3t140Fu9bcyBYo4MJNtwc7pryc04JLEsJMKwtLlTLdlHTovrt9mNKK5A9ZUYWTEQfKOMPUGIYvSE38Bjboav1sFPYLfM9Gkpn0Dt6hm8VhYylDJZBLGw/w400-h163/00000000000.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /> <p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Social isolation sources<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Social isolation can result from a variety of factors,
including:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Life
transitions: Life transitions such as retirement, moving to a new location,
loss of a loved one, or a change in health status can lead to social isolation.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Physical
disabilities: Physical disabilities can limit mobility and make it difficult
for individuals to engage in social activities.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Mental
health conditions: Mental health conditions such as depression or anxiety can
lead to social isolation and a lack of engagement in social activities.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Lack
of transportation: A lack of transportation can make it difficult for
individuals to attend social events or visit with friends and family.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Technology
use: Technology use can be a double-edged sword. While technology can
facilitate social connection, it can also lead to social isolation if
individuals rely too heavily on online interactions and neglect in-person
social connections.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Cultural
or language barriers: Cultural or language barriers can make it difficult for
individuals to connect with others in their community.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">7.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Economic
factors: Economic factors, such as poverty or a lack of affordable housing, can
limit individuals' ability to engage in social activities.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">It is important to recognize the various factors that can
contribute to social isolation and work to address them in order to promote
social connection and prevent negative health outcomes associated with social
isolation.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Groups of Risk<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">The recent report from the National Academies of
Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) highlights the higher degree of
loneliness among vulnerable older adults, including immigrants; lesbian, gay,
bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations; minorities; and victims of elder
abuse. It also points out that the literature base for these populations is
sparse and more research is needed to determine risks, impacts, and appropriate
actions needed.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Current research suggests that immigrant, and lesbian,
gay, bisexual populations experience loneliness more often than other groups.
Latino immigrants, for example, “have fewer social ties and lower levels of
social integration than US-born Latinos.” First-generation immigrants
experience stressors that can increase their social isolation, such as language
barriers, differences in community, family dynamics, and new relationships that
lack depth or history, the report states. Similarly, gay, lesbian, and bisexual
populations tend to have more loneliness than their heterosexual peers because
of stigma, discrimination, and barriers to care.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMgusW9ITRpsWztL9rnAdXIZfkxOaMzO8cOo7QY5czFi9rAAr-iAJHSO0nf4cd_FhxzDxVn7ZEpuNXsLZuPuHVlCx18zacQ7bpY8oL_5TSs9fzi77D0CBzHCuWGW-HYOGj8wBjdW782GQaZMQRBpP4Ioez_Vy2lRQ1nZmFv1Ks6TCQ8H64P8WTOII/s766/111.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="509" data-original-width="766" height="266" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMgusW9ITRpsWztL9rnAdXIZfkxOaMzO8cOo7QY5czFi9rAAr-iAJHSO0nf4cd_FhxzDxVn7ZEpuNXsLZuPuHVlCx18zacQ7bpY8oL_5TSs9fzi77D0CBzHCuWGW-HYOGj8wBjdW782GQaZMQRBpP4Ioez_Vy2lRQ1nZmFv1Ks6TCQ8H64P8WTOII/w400-h266/111.jpg" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Dealing with Social isolation<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Dealing with social isolation can be challenging, but
there are several strategies that individuals can use to promote social
connection and improve their mental and physical well-being:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Join
a club or social group: Joining a club or social group related to a personal
interest can help individuals connect with like-minded people and develop new
friendships.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Volunteer:
Volunteering can provide opportunities for social connection and help
individuals feel a sense of purpose and contribution to their community.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Attend
community events: Attending community events, such as festivals or concerts,
can provide opportunities to meet new people and engage in social activities.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Take
a class: Taking a class in a subject of interest can provide opportunities for
social connection and learning, as well as a sense of accomplishment.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Stay
in touch with family and friends: Maintaining regular contact with family and
friends can provide a sense of connection and support, even when physical
distance is a barrier.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">Overall, it is important for individuals to take an
active role in promoting social connection and addressing social isolation in
order to improve their mental and physical well-being.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM1taUu72E5rz9wDhwR5WYd2MNWDkIhfOdfGMuTyz4csOYUPDBcVirEKrzhadW4Nqn0lkBcefGdfLTjLaO7IAnVGg6rMy5m-a7H3c9imh564XD1BQtyQNz8OTr8y76ltCPkTK8UhUdekfd9dXvb2xIH3vxLRdTrouCvMN1PHmrpgIATTrLgexoPEM/s686/333333333.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="686" data-original-width="684" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjM1taUu72E5rz9wDhwR5WYd2MNWDkIhfOdfGMuTyz4csOYUPDBcVirEKrzhadW4Nqn0lkBcefGdfLTjLaO7IAnVGg6rMy5m-a7H3c9imh564XD1BQtyQNz8OTr8y76ltCPkTK8UhUdekfd9dXvb2xIH3vxLRdTrouCvMN1PHmrpgIATTrLgexoPEM/w399-h400/333333333.jpg" width="399" /></a></div><br /><p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><b>Internal approach to social isolation<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing">An internal approach to social isolation focuses on
developing personal skills and resources that can help individuals cope with
feelings of loneliness and isolation. Some strategies for an internal approach
to social isolation include:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">1.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Practice
mindfulness: Mindfulness involves being present in the moment and can help
individuals develop a greater sense of self-awareness and acceptance, which can
help reduce feelings of loneliness and isolation.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">2.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Develop
a positive mindset: Developing a positive mindset can help individuals reframe
their experiences and cultivate gratitude, which can help increase feelings of
connection and well-being.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">3.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Engage
in self-care: Engaging in self-care activities such as exercise, meditation, or
hobbies can help individuals reduce stress and increase feelings of well-being.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">4.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Practice
self-compassion: Self-compassion involves treating oneself with kindness and
understanding, which can help reduce feelings of isolation and improve overall
well-being.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">5.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Set
realistic expectations: Setting realistic expectations for social interactions
and relationships can help individuals feel more satisfied with their social
connections and reduce feelings of loneliness.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">6.<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Seek
professional help: If social isolation is causing significant distress or is
related to underlying mental health conditions such as depression or anxiety,
seeking professional help from a mental health professional can be an effective
way to address the underlying cause and develop coping skills.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i>Sources and Additional Information:<o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/new-studies-suggest-social-isolation-is-a-risk-factor-for-dementia-in-older-adults-point-to-ways-to-reduce-risk">https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/new-studies-suggest-social-isolation-is-a-risk-factor-for-dementia-in-older-adults-point-to-ways-to-reduce-risk</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/aging/publications/features/lonely-older-adults.html">https://www.cdc.gov/aging/publications/features/lonely-older-adults.html</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://neurosciencenews.com/social-isolation-dementia-22418/">https://neurosciencenews.com/social-isolation-dementia-22418/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><i><a href="https://www.neurologyadvisor.com/topics/alzheimers-disease-and-dementia/social-isolation-modifiable-risk-factor-dementia-older-adults/">https://www.neurologyadvisor.com/topics/alzheimers-disease-and-dementia/social-isolation-modifiable-risk-factor-dementia-older-adults/</a><o:p></o:p></i></p>
<p class="MsoNoSpacing"><o:p> </o:p></p>Michael Pekkerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00719697048984156330noreply@blogger.com